Self reflections Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self reflections - Essay Example dicates, understudies of advanced education are altogether included and specific with regards to the instruments of evaluation being used to gauge their scholastic undertaking. While perusing the diary, I was unable to help thinking back on an individual encounter as an understudy who similarly wanted comprehension and meeting certain desires as per my understanding of the principles set by the school. I review uncommon minutes when I had arrived at the degree of being unequivocal about my vocation objectives and normally indicting myself that I needed to be an instructor. At this stage, I came to esteem the genuine pith of instructing and learning just as how they work connected at the hip to support each other inside an arrangement of free, confident, and specialized cooperations. There had all things considered been battling times wherein passing or keeping up a noteworthy educational status due either to a course I could scarcely adapt to or an opposition appeared to be very persuasive. Like some other people who sneaked out of authentic endeavors by gaming a shrouded educational program, I should concede the blame of having planned to acquire a good ev aluation even with low quality of learning. Through this appointed understanding movement, along these lines, I have understood the degree at which I had vanquished the target of instruction myself on turning into a prompt searcher brought into the impossible activity of exchanging honorable quest for concentrates with the sole advantage of an adequate or surprising evaluation. As such however, I figure out how to assign how the issue on one’s feeling of satisfaction might be tended to appropriately. What strays one from the perfect motivation behind learning ends up being a deceptive spotlight on evaluation particularly as understudies bargain with time and vitality to continue on with not really the way of scholarly turn of events however the way that empowers a student to adjust to elective methods for yielding ideal yield toward the finish of the course. For whatever length of time that they show up at the ideal evaluations, they barely pay respect to whether

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As per Ullah (2010) expressed determination is significance is given to choose right specialists for right position. When a pool of competitors has been recognized through the enlistment procedure the most suitable up-and-comer, or up-and-comers are distinguished through a determination procedure including however not constrained to meeting, reference checking and testing. Laborers make distinction through their activity execution since organization is understanding the estimation of good worker. Slope (2005) expressed the great laborers of determination for MNCs who not just have the expertise to perform specific employments yet additionally need to ‘fit’ the overall culture of the firm. Distinctive of choice strategies are utilized to recognize the correct laborer. ‘Interview’ is an exceptionally valuable instrument to choose right specialist. Goal of determination process is to distinguish the competitors who are appropriate for opening or more extensive prerequisite HR plan. Initial step of choice procedure is starter meet. Questioner is tolerating the referees’ report even with phone meet, checking essential sources, getting validating data from institutional and other source. Phone talk with is to eliminate squander time.(Bassett, Ramesy, chan, 2010) Second step of choice procedure is audit of utilizations and resumes. For instance composed or oral explanation that tends to the choice measures, referees’ reports and applicant’s continue/educational program vitae to submit questioner. (Patterson et al., 2005). Questioner should audit the application structures, continue, test scores (assuming any) and any correspondence that would be valuable in comprehension the candidate’s foundation. Resume of up-and-comer is utilized as an enticement and a methods for permitting to get his/her foot into the entryway. It tends to be considered as ... ...n is corporate turnover. Inner workers acquainted with association systems, approaches and culture. For instance, representatives will think about anticipated are sorted out, utilization of agreement working in the dynamic procedure and how to led the gathering. Outer representative need to satisfies the abilities and experience required for a position however not fit into organization culture. Commitment inside the work association is high effectiveness and efficiency. The laborers pick through arrangement will play out their activity very effectiveness and successfully. Representative will build the profitability to organization. Something else, commitment inside the work association is high spirit. Laborers land position fulfillment from association. Laborers feel the association reward persevering by offering a chance to take new obligations or move to an office in which a specialist an intrigue.

Amyloplast Definition and Function

Amyloplast Definition and Function An amyloplast is an organelle found in plant cells. Amyloplasts are plastids that produce and store starch inside inner layer compartments. They are generally found in vegetative plant tissues, for example, tubers (potatoes) and bulbs. Amyloplasts are likewise thought to be engaged with gravity detecting (gravitropism) and helping plant establishes develop a descending way. Key Takeaways: Amyloplast and Other Plastids Plastids are plant organelles that work in supplement amalgamation and capacity. These twofold film, cytoplasmic structures have their own DNA and imitate freely of the cell.Plastids create from juvenile cells called proplastids that develop into chloroplasts, chromoplasts, gerontoplasts, and leucoplasts.Amyloplasts are leucoplasts that work for the most part in starch stockpiling. They are boring and found in plant tissues that don't experience photosynthesis (roots and seeds).Amyloplasts incorporate fleeting starch which is put away incidentally in chloroplasts and utilized for vitality. Chloroplasts are the destinations of photosynthesis and vitality creation in plants.Amyloplasts likewise help to arrange root development descending toward the heading of gravity. Amyloplasts are gotten from a gathering of plastids known as leucoplasts. Leucoplasts have no pigmentation and seem dull. A few different sorts of plastids are found inside plant cells including chloroplasts (locales of photosynthesis), chromoplasts (produce plant colors), and gerontoplasts (corrupted chloroplasts). Sorts of Plastids <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/NXLikaPX3aKS2f-FJnQALpjJN3E=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/leaf_cross-segment 5b6c51af46e0fb0025c81ef5.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/tQReH2fFAvtkDqrC7-J0mvVK9l8=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/leaf_cross-area 5b6c51af46e0fb0025c81ef5.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/HMEvPt49jwh2PjQ744YnLfh1-l4=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/leaf_cross-segment 5b6c51af46e0fb0025c81ef5.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/kHAHTYQEq-sjtPzHIUqcvQvMk-E=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/leaf_cross-segment 5b6c51af46e0fb0025c81ef5.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/wG5Ypji_rIR0XVu3wTigrksrOwk=/1500x1000/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/leaf_cross-segment 5b6c51af46e0fb0025c81ef5.jpg src=//:0 alt=Leaf Cross Section class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-6 information following container=true /> This picture of vertical segment of a leaf was taken with an examining electron magnifying instrument. Chloroplasts (green plastids answerable for photosynthesis) and different organelles are seen inside the cells. Mists Hill Imaging Ltd./Corbis Documentary/Getty Images Plastids are organelles that work essentially in supplement amalgamation and capacity of natural atoms. While there are various sorts of plastids particular to fill explicit jobs, plastids share some regular qualities. They are situated in the cell cytoplasm and are encircled by a twofold lipid film. Plastids additionally have their own DNA and can duplicate autonomously from the remainder of the cell. A few plastids contain shades and are vivid, while others need shades and are boring. Plastids create from juvenile, undifferentiated cells called proplastids. Proplastids develop into four kinds of particular plastids: chloroplasts, chromoplasts, gerontoplasts, and leucoplasts. Chloroplasts: These green plastids are answerable for photosynthesis and vitality creation through glucose union. They contain chlorophyll, a green color that retains light vitality. Chloroplasts are usually found in particular cells called watch cells situated in plant leaves and stems. Gatekeeper cells open and close minor pores called stomata to consider gas trade required for photosynthesis.Chromoplasts: These beautiful plastids are liable for cartenoid color creation and capacity. Carotenoids produce red, yellow, and orange shades. Chromoplasts are fundamentally situated in aged organic product, blossoms, roots, and leaves of angiosperms. They are answerable for tissue tinge in plants, which serves to pull in pollinators. A few chloroplasts found in unripened organic product convert to chromoplasts as the natural product develops. This difference in shading from green to a carotenoid shading demonstrates that the natural product is ready. Leaf shading change in fall is because o f loss of the green shade chlorophyll, which uncovers the basic carotenoid hue of the leaves. Amyloplasts can likewise be changed over to chromoplasts by first progressing to amylochromoplasts (plastids containing starch and carotenoids) and afterward to chromoplasts. Gerontoplasts: These plastids create from the corruption of chloroplasts, which happens when plant cells kick the bucket. All the while, chlorophyll is separated in chloroplasts leaving just cartotenoid shades in the subsequent gerontoplast cells.Leucoplasts: These plastids need shading and capacity to store supplements. Leucoplast Plastids <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/sitCFuP8u7sLcrmt_jER-pvpsEw=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/amyloplast-5b6c5498c9e77c0050442e0c.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/LDS4DDUXMbfLNrzh-v-Xm4UtFoY=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/amyloplast-5b6c5498c9e77c0050442e0c.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ybOC6jnsIvYtBW6elxX9DhtvOW8=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/amyloplast-5b6c5498c9e77c0050442e0c.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/L_adIIcxIeRgXKvd8lEHtctObRA=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/amyloplast-5b6c5498c9e77c0050442e0c.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/zoQ-Pe4o-wT7DPxPG7-Iayzbuc8=/1500x1000/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/amyloplast-5b6c5498c9e77c0050442e0c.jpg src=//:0 alt=Amyloplast class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-14 information following container=true /> This bogus shading transmission electron micrograph shows an amyloplast (huge focal body), a starch-containing plastid, found in a cell from the root top of an onion. Amyloplasts contain enormous amounts of starch (blue globules). Dr. Jeremy Burgess/Science Photo Library/Getty Images Leucoplasts are commonly found in tissues that dont experience photosynthesis, for example, roots and seeds. Kinds of leucoplasts include: Amyloplasts: These leucoplasts convert glucose to starch for capacity. The starch is put away as granules in amyloplasts of tubers, seeds, stems, and natural product. The thick starch grains cause amyloplasts to silt in plant tissue in light of gravity. This initiates development a descending way. Amyloplasts likewise integrate transient starch. This kind of starch is put away briefly in chloroplasts to be separated and utilized for vitality around evening time when photosynthesis doesn't happen. Temporary starch is found principally in tissues where photosynthesis happens, for example, leaves.Elaioplasts: These leucoplasts combine unsaturated fats and store oils in lipid-filled microcompartments called plastoglobuli. They are essential to the correct advancement of dust grains.Etioplasts: These light-denied chloroplasts don't contain chlorophyll however have the antecedent color for chlorophyll creation. When presented to light, chlorophyll creation happens and etioplasts are change d over to chloroplasts.Proteinoplasts: Also called aleuroplasts, these leucoplasts store protein and are regularly found in seeds. Amyloplast Development <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/sCq5hFkKNkmfNnMqF_GY1lNmaB4=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/starch_grains-57f7c1173df78c690f635fe2.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/AkboxFpXvrJVOOte6NDlOuxCiEo=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/starch_grains-57f7c1173df78c690f635fe2.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/8LDicPEFXzZ-uaktycyPO9-5As4=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/starch_grains-57f7c1173df78c690f635fe2.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ExvWXoyEsbGLuteoTFQBJ9ycx3s=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/starch_grains-57f7c1173df78c690f635fe2.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/CefWNeYZa1OeZdufmwzRAOq9RhY=/1500x1001/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/starch_grains-57f7c1173df78c690f635fe2.jpg src=//:0 alt=Starch Grains - Carbohydrates class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-22 information following container=true /> This picture shows starch grains (green) in the parenchyma of a Clematis sp. plant. Starch is incorporated from the sugar sucrose, a sugar delivered by the plant during photosynthesis, and utilized as a wellspring of vitality. It is put away as grains in structures called amyloplasts (yellow). Steve Gschmeissner/Science Photo Library/Getty Images Amyloplasts are answerable for all starch blend in plants. They are found in plant parenchyma tissue which creates the external and internal layers of stems and roots; the center layer of leaves; and the delicate tissue in organic products. Amyloplasts create from proplastids and partition by the procedure of paired splitting. Developing amyloplasts create interior layers which make compartments for the capacity of starch. Starch is a polymer of glucose that exists in two structures: amylopectin and amylose. Starch granules are made out of both amylopectin and amylose particles masterminded in a profoundly composed manner. The size and number of starch grains contained inside amyloplasts fluctuates dependent on the plant species. Some contain a

The Principles of Marketing - Five Core Concepts - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2891 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Essay any type Level High school Did you like this example? Introduction The five core concepts of marketing are; consumer needs/wants/demands, products and services, value/satisfaction/quality, exchanges/transactions/relationships and markets (Kotler, et al., 2008). To be able to understand and cater to all these factors, an organisation can use a variety of marketing theories. This report will outline and critique the various principles of marketing, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each. The theories that will be covered are; 4Ps, marketing, ambush marketing, buzz marketing, market segmentation, targeting and positioning, Ansoffs matrix, PESTEL analysis, porters five forces and micro-environment factors. 4Ps Successful marketing is based upon addressing some very basic, key issues. The 4Ps aims to address these issues, and allows a company to understand some very important aspects of their internal operations. The 4Ps are comprised of; product, price, place and promotion (CIM, 2009). Analysing these factors allows an organisation to put their customers at the centre of their marketing, and the company must do everything in their power to deliver the upmost quality and service to all of their customers. Booms Bitner (1981) provide a list of attributes that each of the 4Ps may include. Although an old model, it is still very much applicable to todays business environment. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Principles of Marketing Five Core Concepts" essay for you Create order Product: Quality, brand name, service line, warranty, capabilities, facilitating goods, tangible clues, price, personnel, physical environment and process of service delivery. Price: Level, discounts and allowances, payment terms, customers own perceived value, quality/price interaction and differentiation. Place: Location, accessibility, distribution channels and distribution coverage. Promotion: Advertisements, personal selling, sales promotion, publicity, personnel, physical environment, facilitating goods, tangible clues and process of service delivery. Furthermore, for the service industry, the 4Ps was extended to the 7Ps. This was mainly due to the higher degree of collaboration between the organisation and the consumer, which the original 4Ps were not taking into consideration(Webster, 1984). This resulted in the framework being extended, to take into account the variety of service attributes that come into play when devising marketing strategies. Service quality is becoming more significant to an organisation, as they can no longer only rely on the benefit of a good to attain and retain consumers (Lusch, et al., 2007). Booms Bitner (1981) provide many of the attributes that the extra 3Ps encompass. These are; Participants: Personnel training, discretion, commitment, incentives, appearance, interpersonal behaviour, attitudes and customer behaviour/degree of involvement. Process: Policies, procedures, mechanisation, employee discretion, customer involvement, customer direction and flow of activities. Physical Evidence: Environment, furnishings, colour, layout, noise level, facilitating goods and tangible clues. Ambush Marketing There is a lot of moral uncertainty surrounding the use of ambush marketing. It is predominantly related to big events and sponsorship deals. Ambush marketing became such a prominent strategy because of the increase in sponsorship deals. This mainly happened because event owners wanted higher returns and it made advertising more effective (Meenaghan, 1998). Furthermore, Meenaghan (1994, p. 79) defined ambush marketing as the practice whereby another company, often a competitor, intrudes upon public attention surrounding the event, thereby deflecting attention toward themselves and away from the sponsor. Although ambush marketing would appear to hold many benefits for a company, at basically no cost, there have been many academics that criticise its uses. Payne (1998) believes ambush marketing jeopardises one of the fundamental facets of business activity, namely truth in advertising and business interactions. On the other hand, other academics criticise the weak-minded view that competitors have a moral obligation to step back and allow an official sponsor to reap all the benefits from a special event (Meenaghan, 1996). In general, ambush marketing comes down the moral perceptions of the marketing manager. As the majority of companies are in business to make profits, then capitalising on any means necessary will be acceptable, and ambush marketing will be a prominent strategy for them to use. Buzz Marketing Word-of-mouth marketing and buzz marketing are very similar, and is a marketers dream (Balter Butman, 2005, p. 161) if successfully implemented. However, it is incredibly difficult to define and implement buzz marketing, as everyday word of mouth conversations tend to be random and spontaneous in nature, occurring in a natural, unpredictable pattern of communication (Ahuja, et al., 2007, p. 152). Buzz marketing is usually implemented through building suspense and tensions around the release of a new product, thus causing media and consumers to constantly talk about the product. It is a relatively free way of marketing, and can reap incredible benefits for the company. The only negative for buzz marketing is the fact that it cannot really be controlled in any way, as it is heavily reliant on consumers spreading the message on behalf of the organisation. The intentions of buzz marketing is obviously meant to be positive, by generating effectively free advertising for an organi sation or their products (Ahuja, et al., 2007). However, word-of-mouth works in both a positive and negative manner, as a bad PR story can quickly be spread across the globe. Furthermore, it is most effective across a young audience, meaning that the message will be spread amongst a certain demographic, but not everyone the organisation was hoping for (Leila Abderrazak, 2013). It is the inability to measure the reach of this type of marketing that makes buzz marketing very risky for an organisation. The message could easily be misinterpreted, there is little control over the direction of the campaign, and it may actually end up causing negative impact on organisation performance (Bloomberg, 2001). Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Market segmentation has become an essential element of marketing, especially in developed countries. This is because goods can no longer be sold without considering the specific needs of consumers, and who is likely to purchase the product (Wedel Kamakura, 2000). The main use for market segmentation is to provide guidance on which marketing analysis or strategy an organisation should pursue. Furthermore, Wedel Kamakura (2000) provide a classification of different market segmentation groups that companies should aim to cater to. This is in regards to a general and product-specific view. Combining segmentation with targeting and positioning allows an organisation to learn information about their target markets, consumer preferences, competitors strengths and customer segments (Natter, et al., 2006). Furthermore, the process of STP should be completed in order, with a segmentation analysis being used as the basis of targeting, which can then be used for positioning. Unfortunately, this can make the process long-winded, as an organisation may want to identify only who they target, or where they should position their product (Kotler, et al., 2006). There is also a great need for behavioural profiling throughout S TP, forcing an organisation to conduct even more analysis than they may actually want to (Dholakia Dholakia, 2001; Kotler, et al., 2002). Although and STP analysis can be time-consuming, it does provide an organisation with a comprehensive overlook on a variety of factors that are intrinsic to an organisations success. Ansoffs Matrix In a 1957 report, Ansoff provided a comprehensive definition for product marketing as a joint statement of a product line and the corresponding set of missions which the products are designed to fulfil (Ansoff, 1957, p. 114). This resulted in the creation of the Ansoff Matrix (1965), which is a comprehensive marketing theory to help guide a companys strategic growth decisions. It is comprised of four quadrants, with each giving a general direction as to how a company should proceed with their desired growth. The four quadrants of Ansoffs Matrix are (AM, 2015); Market Penetration: This is about further exploiting a product that exists in an already functioning market. Market penetration is usually made possible through the clever use of promotions, or increasing the attractiveness of a product Product Development: The product development growth strategy focuses on introducing new products into existing markets. This can either be in the form of a complete new product, or the modification of an existing product. Market Development: Sometimes referred to as market extension, this factor of the Ansoff Matrix involves an organisations selling its existing products in a new market. This can be aided by market segmentation, which can help identify potential new markets. Some approaches to this strategy include, new geographical markets or distribution channels. Diversification: Generally known as the most risky growth strategy, diversification involves an organisation developing new products into new markets. There is a lot of risk in this strategy because an organisation will not be knowledgeable on either the product or the market they are entering. Heavy planning and research are vital for a diversification strategy to be successful. Different organisations benefit from different strategies. For example, a study conducted by Watts, et al., (1998) concluded that the most appropriate strategies for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) would be product development or market development. This is because most of these organisations would not have the resources to successfully implement a diversification strategy, and the growth from market penetration would be too slow. A larger organisation may well be more successful in diversification, as they have more expendable resources. Macro Environment Marketing PESTEL PESTEL stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal. Furthermore, it is a comprehensive framework used by organisations to help analyse the macro-environment factors that are affecting daily operations. A PESTLE analysis is in effect an audit of an organisations environmental influences with the purpose of using this information to guide strategic decision-making (CIPD, 2015, p. n.p.). After a company has conducted a PESTLE analysis, they should use their findings to help guide any strategic decision making to minimise the impact of external forces. Political: The main political factors of PEST deals with the effects government can impose on an organisation. This can include things such as, new legislation, changes in taxation, minimum wages, and employee benefits. Economic: Some of the most important economic factors that a PESTEL analysis will investigate are the economy systems and structures, resource status, the level of economy developingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Yingfa Hong, 2010, p. 563). If an economy strengthens, then it would usually have a positive effect on the majority of companies performance, however this can be largely dependent on what areas of the economy strengthen. Social: One of the most significant factors of the PESTEL is the socio-culture factor. The socio-culture factors are usually in continuous change, and have a massive impact on how organisations are managed, and how leaders have to behave if they want any followers (Hussey, 1998). Technology: One of the fastest growing and most rapidly changing factors of the PESTEL analysis is the technological environment (Henry, 2008). Some examples of technological factors include; RD activity, Automation and Technological Developments (NetMBA, 2015). A company must ensure they are maintaining top quality equipment to produce the most competitive products. Environmental: The main environmental factors that a company will look at through a PESTEL analysis are, green issues that affect the environment, renewable energy sources and waste/disposal (App Rao, et al., 2008). Consumers are becoming more concerned with their environmental impact, thus affecting their purchasing choices. Legal: Similar to political, legal factors look at how legislation affects a company. This can include, competition law and government policy, employment law and safety law. It is of vital importance for a company to keep up-to-date with all relevant legislation (App Rao, et al., 2008). Porters Five Forces Porters Five Forces model can have a huge impact on the direction and shape of an organisations decision making. If conducted successfully it is a great tool to guide all strategic marketing activities. The five components of Porters Five Forces are: Threat of new Entrants: New entrants to an industry bring new capacity, the desire to gain market share, and often substantial resources (Porter, 2000, p. 138). Threat of Substitutes: A substitute performs the same or a similar function as an industrys product by a different means (Porter, 2008, p. 17). Bargaining Power of Customers: Powerful customers can capture more value by forcing down prices, demanding better quality or more service, and generally playing industry participants off against one another, all at the expense of industry profitability (Porter, 2008, p. 14). Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Suppliers can exert bargaining power over participants in an industry by threatening to raise prices or reduce the quality of purchased goods and services (Porter, 1998, p. 27). Rivalry among Existing Competitors: Rivalry among existing competitors takes many familiar forms, including price discounting, new product introductions, advertising campaigns and service improvements (Porter, 2008, p. 18). Micro Environment Marketing One of the most widely used and comprehensive frameworks for analysing the micro-environment is the SWOT analysis. This analysis measures the internal strengths and weaknesses of an organisation, and the external opportunities and threats. Having identified these factors, an organisation should build strategies which may build on the strengths, negate the weaknesses, exploit the opportunities or counter the threats (Dyson, 2004). These strategies can be further guided by the use of the macro-environment analysis, and can supplement the variety of different marketing techniques mentioned above, such as ambush marketing or market segmentation. Furthermore, these strategies can be generated through the use of a TOWS matrix, with forms relationships between the different variable to draw up a variety of strategies that the firm can utilise. Conclusion Overall there are a variety of methods that an organisation can utilise in order to successfully analyse the market, and market their products. It is imperative that an organisation knows how to implement both of these methods, as it will have a huge impact on the overall success of the organisation. The 4Ps is a great analysis for a company to conduct first, as it outlines all the fundamental aspects that effect an organisation. Furthermore, an external analysis should always be conducted, especially the PESTEL and Porters Five Forces analysis. This is because it outlines all important external factors, such as competitions activities or new legislation. Understanding these factors will shape the marketing strategy that a company wishes to pursue. Depending on what the external analysis shows to a competitor, they can then choose which market strategy they wish to pursue. This could involve using an Ansoff Matrix, or just pursuing an ambush, buzz, push and pull or market segmen tation strategy. One strategy cannot be anchored to a certain industry or company, as it is only through extensive analysis that a company will know which the optimum strategy is. Bibliography Ahuja, R. D., Michels, T. A., Walker, M. M. Weissbuch, M., 2007. Teen perceptions of disclosure in buzz marketing. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 24(3), pp. 151-159. AM, 2015. What is the Ansoff Matrix?. Available at: https://www.ansoffmatrix.com/ Ansoff, I., 1957. Strategies for Diversification. Harvard Business Review, 35(5), pp. 113-124. Ansoff, I., 1965. Corporate Strategy. New York: McGraw Hill. App Rao, C., Parvathiswara Rao, B. Sivaramakrishna, K., 2008. Strategic Management and Business Policy. 1st ed. New Delhi: Excel Books India. Balter, D. Butman, J., 2005. The Grapevine. London: Penguin Group. Bloomberg, 2001. Buzz Marketing. [Online] Available at:  https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2001-07-29/buzz-marketing Booms, B. H. Bitner, M. J., 1981. Marketing strategies and organization structures for service firms. In: Marketing of Services. Chicago: American Marketing Association, pp. 47-51. CIM, 2009. Marketing and the 7Ps, s.l.: Chartered Institute of Marketing. CIPD, 2015. PESTLE analysis. 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Leila, C. Abderrazak, G., 2013. The Impact of the Effectiveness of a Buzz Marketing Campaign on the Image, Awareness and Purchasing Decision: The Moderating Role of involvement, s.l.: Journal of Marketing Research Case Studies . 2013. pp. 1-8Lusch, R. F., Vargo, S. L. OBrien, M., 2007. Competing through service: Insights from service-dominant logic. Journal of Retailing, 83(1), pp. 5-18. Meenaghan, T., 1994. Point of view: Ambush marketing Immoral or imaginative practice?. Journal of Advertising Research, 34(3), pp. 77-88. Meenaghan, T., 1996. Ambush marketing A threat to corporate sponsorship. Sloan Management Review, 38 (1), pp. 103-113. Meenaghan, T., 1998. Ambush marketing: Corporate strategy and consumers reactions. Psychology and Marketing, 15(4), pp. 305-322. Natter, M., Mild, A., Wagner, U. Taudes, A., 2006. Planning new tariffs at tele.ring à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the applicati on and impact of an integrated segmentation, targeting and positioning tool,Marketing Science, 27. 600-609 NetMBA, 2015. PEST Analysis. [Online] Available at: https://www.netmba.com/strategy/pest/ Payne, M., 1998. Ambush marketing: The undeserved advantage. Psychology and Marketing., 15(4), pp. 323-331. Porter, M. E., 1998. Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors. New York: The Free Press. Porter, M. E., 2000. How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review, p. 138. Porter, M. E., 2008. On Competition. Boston: Harvard Business Review. Watts, G., Cope, J. Hulme, M., 1998. Ansoffs Matrix, pain and gain: Growth strategies and adaptive learning among small food producers. Behavior Research, 4(2), pp. 101-111. Webster, F. E., 1984. Industrial Marketing Strategy. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons. Wedel, M. Kamakura, W. A., 2000. Market Segmentation: Conceptual and Methodological Foundations. 2nd ed. Norwell: Klu wer Academic Publishers. Yingfa, S. Hong, Y., 2010. The Risk Study of E-Governance Based on PEST Analysis Model. Guangzhou, International Conference on E-Business and E-Government.

The And At The End Of The Paper I Will Compare The Strikes

In this research paper I will discuss three different strikes. And at the end of the paper I will compare the strikes, to see if there is any correlation between the three. In Labor Relations, we learned that strikes happen for many reasons. Some of the reasons being unfair labor practices, horrible work conditions, Salary and incentive problems, Dissatisfaction with company policy, Leaves with wages and holidays, Bonus, profit sharing, Provident fund and gratuity, Retrenchment of workmen and closure of establishment and the list goes on. Before we discuss the different strikes, I think it’s important to explain what a strike is. Strikes are powerful weapons used by trade unions and other labor groups used to get their demand heard and accepted. It involves quitting work as a collective group to created pressure for the employer to listen to their demands. In certain industries it is known as strikes, when employees cease to work. 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Napoleon Bonaparte was the first French Military leader to...

Napoleon Bonaparte was the first French Military leader to become an Emperor. Napoleon was born on 1769, Corsica, France. He is one of the most celebrated leaders in the history of the West, he revolutionized military organization and training, created Napoleonic Code, promoted and encouraged education and established the long-lived peace treaty with the church. Napoleon died on May 5th, 1821, on his death bed of an island, St. Helena, which was located in the South Atlantic Ocean. In his life, Napoleon showed that if you had great knowledge you had power, that he used his power responsibly and irresponsibly from different point of views of people, and he affected the economic standing all over Europe. Napoleon should knowledge equaled†¦show more content†¦Clearing up any problems in France. The French were looking for a new strong smart leader and he was the man for them. 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Supply Chain Management and Advanced Planning †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Supply Chain Management and Advanced Planning. Answer: Introduction Researchers Ch and Hamper (2013) argue that Risk Management is essentially a procedure that emphasizes on the identification of the risks associated with any organizational process or a project, assessing the impact of the same on the successful completion of the process and/ or the project on a whole and prioritize them accordingly. On the other hand Ho et al. (2015) comment that the primary objective of following a risk management process is to highlight the mechanisms that can be utilized for avoiding the risk scenarios that might be associated the project or process under consideration. This report is being documented with the aim of identifying the methods that can be utilized for the management for risks associated with the supply chain system of Ford Australia. While the introductory section of the report essentially provides an insight into the contents of the report, the backgrounds scenario along with the risks that are currently associated with the said system would be discussed in section 2 of the report. The methods, tools and techniques that can be utilized for the appropriate management of risks would be discussed in details in section 3 of the report, while the overall findings of the study would be discussed in the concluding sections of the report. Ford Australia is one of the most well known names in the automotive industry of Australia (Ford Australia, 2017). According to K?r?lmaz and Erol (2017), in the past few years, the organization has been experiencing severe issue with supply chain process, the cumulative effects of which have actually forced the organization to outsource the majority of their supply chain functionalities, besides shutting down several productions units in the country. A close review of the existing supply chains system of various automobile organizations reveal that the following risk factors are associated with the same: Inbound quality of product: According to researchers Holweg and Helo (2014) the first and foremost risk event associated with the supply chain management process of automobile organizations is that the organization might fail to provide quality product t its customers, thus resulting in significantly low customer satisfaction levels. In fact, in case low quality products are made available to the customers, there lies a significant possibility that the process of sales revenue generation would be affected considerably. Delay in delivery of products: Yet another risk factor associated with the supply chain process is that the supply chain representatives of automobile organizations might not be capable of delivering the product to the customer within the time phrase promised to them, thus resulting in higher number e of customer complaints and lower customer satisfaction levels (Monczka et al. 2015) . As in case of the previous of the previously mentioned risk factor, delays in delivery system might actually result in affecting the process of sales revenue generation. Lack of accuracy in the process of delivery and shipment of products: Along with the risk if delivering faulty products or delivering products after their due dates, there also exist the possibility that the supply chain representatives in consideration might deliver wrong products to the customers, thus resulting in the low customer satisfaction levels and high number of escalations (Lavastre, Gunasekaran Spalanzani, 2014). Internal processes not functioning properly: According to experts Holweg and Helo (2014), perhaps the greatest risk associated with the supply chain system of automobile organizations is that the internal supply chain processes might not function appropriately, thus resulting in wrong and delayed deliveries made to the customers, along with the non adherence to the quality standards committed to the client. Methods for avoiding risk The preceding section of the project provides an idea regarding the very primary risk factors that might affect the efficiency of the supply management system that currently exists in at Ford Australia . In the following section of the report, discussions would be made regarding the tools., techniques and methods that can be utilized for the management of the same. Although the discussion made in section 2 provide a fair idea of the risk factors commonly associated with the supply chain processes of all major automobile organizations, it is essential to identify the ones that are specifically associated with the organization under consideration. According to Monczka et al. (2015), the following key steps should essentially be adhered to for the identification of risk across all business and operational activities associate with the supply chain management system of Ford Australia: Understanding the context of the risk identification process Identifying the risks through a thorough information gathering process and the utilization of the appropriate risk identification techniques and tools Understanding the context of the risk identification process Understanding the context of the risk management process i essential for the identification of a comprehensive list of possible risks that might be associated with any project or a process on a whole (Peng, Peng Chen, 2014). However, in case of the circumstances under consideration, the identification of the context had been performed in the very initial phases of the task. In order to gain information regarding the risks associated with the chosen context, that is the supply chain process of Ford Australia, the SWOT analysis and PESTLE analysis of the business process needs to be conducted. According to researcher Stadtler (2015) the appropriate utilization of these tools would facilitate the identification of the existing weakness of the system and the environmental factors that might affect the efficiency of the existing system: these factors in turn can be considered as the major points to be considered during the identification of the risk factors. Once the major risk and threat areas are identified, techniques like brainstorming, scenario analysis and system analysis would be utilized for pinpointing the risk factors associated with the supply chain system of Ford. Documentation of risks and the methods utilized in identifying the same The identification of the risks associated with the supply chain management system of Ford Austral would essentially lead to the development of the risk register. As authors Qiang et al. (2014) comment, the risk register can be considered as a comprehensive document that contains a record of all the risk factors that are considered to be associated with any major business process or project undertaken by an organization. On the other hand, according to Trkman et al. (2016 ), the risk register is developed with the aim of meeting the following purposes: It acts as that particular source that can be utilized to inform the various stakeholders associated with any project (or an organization as a whole), besides sharing the same within the entire organization. The risk register allow the organizational heads to take a note of the high priority risks associated with the project/ organizational process. As researchers Wang et al. (2015) point out, the risk register to developed should essentially include the following basic information regarding the supply chain risks of Ford Australia: The detailed description of the riske risk category The factors that lead to the occurrence of the risk The probable impact of the risks on the organization as a whole The consequence and likelihood of the occurrence of the risk events A profiling of the risk events The project or organizational resources responsible for the management of each risk factor The timeframe required/ utilized for the appropriate management of the risk factors Risk Assessment and response: methods, tools and techniques Experts Edelenbos et al. (2017) comment that risk assessment can be considered as the process that is associated with the qualitative and or quantitative analysis of the risks associated with any organization process or project, provided the details of the situation and the characteristics of the risk or the hazard are available with the project team in advance. On the other hand, researcher Enyinda (2017) is the opinion that the in case of Quantitative risk assessment, it is essential that the following two components are available to then organizational or project personnel associated with the assessment of risks: The magnitude of loss that the organization or the project might suffer from in case the risk event occur in practice The probability that the risk event occurs in practice Researchers Wiengarten et al. (2016) are of the opinion that the quantitative method of risk assessment is the most suitable method for inclusion in the risk register: hence the same would be utilized for the analyzing the risk associated with the supply chain process of Ford Australia. The following risk matrix can be utilized for the identification of the impact and priority of each of the risks identified: Table: The risk matrix Negligible Marginal Critical Catastrophic Definitely High High Extreme Extreme Likely Moderate High High Extreme Occasional Low Moderate High Extreme Seldom Low Low Moderate Extreme Unlikely Low Low Moderate High The probability parameters included in the risk matrix above are being discussed in details in the section below (Enyinda, 2017): Definitely: The probability of occurrence of these risk factors lies in between 80 to 100 percent. Likely: The probability of occurrence of these risk factors lies in between 60 to 80 percent. Occasional: The probability of occurrence of these risk factors lies in between 40 to 60 percent. Seldom: The probability of occurrence of these risk factors lies in between 40 to 60 percent. Unlikely: The probability of occurrence of these risk factors lies in between 20 to 40 percent. On the other hand, the impact parameters included in the risk matrix above are being discussed in details in the section below (Enyinda, 2017): Catastrophic: The risk event in consideration is detrimental for the entire project/ organizational process Critical: The risk event has the capability of jeopardizing the success of the project/ progress to a significant Moderate: The risk event in consideration would create certain issues, but would not affect the success of the project to a significant extent. Marginal: The risk event in consideration would have little or no impact on the process or projects under consideration. This is the final stage of the risk management process , during which strategies would be decided for the management of the negative risks associated with the supply chain of Ford Australia. According to Wiengarten et al. (2016), the risk response phase would emphasize on the identification of the appropriate strategy that can be utilized for the management of identified risk, the available options being the following: Risk Avoidance: Strategies should be taken so as to reduce the factors that lead to the occurrence of risk events, thus reaching a situation where the risk facto can be avoided completely (K?r?lmaz Erol, 2017). Risk transfer: Any third party should be made responsible for the management of the risk event under consideration. Risk mitigation: Strategies would be utilized for reducing the impact of the risk event under consideration (Peng, Peng Chen, 2014). Risk Acceptance: The risk event would simply be accepted, as the cost associated with mitigating, avoiding or transferring it is too high. Conclusion The preceding sections of the report highlight the methods and techniques to be utilized in analyzing and managing the risks associated with the supply chain of Ford Australia. The information provided in section 2of the report indicate that the following risks are primarily associated with the supply chain systems of the automobile organizations: inbound quality of product, delay in delivery of products, lack of accuracy in the process of delivery and shipment of products and internal processes not functioning properly In the light of the discussions, it can thus be concluded that techniques like brainstorming, scenario analysis and system analysis would be utilized for identifying the risks associated with the process, whereas a risk matrix would be utilized for the quantitative analysis of the same. Last but not the least, the outcomes of these stages would be recorded in the risk register. References Ch, H., Hamper, F. (2013). Supply chain risk management.LogForum 9 (1), 21,25. Edelenbos, J., Van Buuren, A., Roth, D., Winnubst, M. (2017). Stakeholder initiatives in flood risk management: exploring the role and impact of bottom-up initiatives in three Room for the Riverprojects in the Netherlands.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,60(1), 47-66. Enyinda, C. I. (2017). Quantitative Risk Analysis for International Project Management and Programs in an Emerging Economy. InLeadership, Innovation and Entrepreneurship as Driving Forces of the Global Economy(pp. 769-780). Springer International Publishing. Ford Australia. (2017).Home. [online] Available at: https://www.ford.com.au/ [Accessed 3 Apr. 2017]. Ho, W., Zheng, T., Yildiz, H., Talluri, S. (2015). Supply chain risk management: a literature review.International Journal of Production Research,53(16), 5031-5069. Holweg, M., Helo, P. (2014). Defining value chain architectures: Linking strategic value creation to operational supply chain design.International Journal of Production Economics,147, 230-238. K?r?lmaz, O., Erol, S. (2017). A proactive approach to supply chain risk management: Shifting orders among suppliers to mitigate the supply side risks.Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management,23(1), 54-65. Lavastre, O., Gunasekaran, A., Spalanzani, A. (2014). Effect of firm characteristics, supplier relationships and techniques used on supply chain risk management (SCRM): an empirical investigation on French industrial firms.International Journal of Production Research,52(11), 3381-3403. Monczka, R. M., Handfield, R. B., Giunipero, L. C., Patterson, J. L. (2015).Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning. Peng, M., Peng, Y., Chen, H. (2014). Post-seismic supply chain risk management: A system dynamics disruption analysis approach for inventory and logistics planning.Computers Operations Research,42, 14-24. Qiang, Q., Huang, Z., Ke, K., Yang, Y. X. (2014). Overview of supply chain risk management and the current issues of closed-loop supply chain in China.International Journal of Business Continuity and Risk Management,5(3), 236-243. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Trkman, P., Oliveira, M. P. V. D., McCormack, K. (2016). Value-oriented supply chain risk management: you get what you expect.Industrial Management Data Systems,116(5), 1061-1083. Wang, Y., Wallace, S. W., Shen, B., Choi, T. M. (2015). Service supply chain management: A review of operational models.European Journal of Operational Research,247(3), 685-698. Wiengarten, F., Humphreys, P., Gimenez, C., McIvor, R. (2016). Risk, risk management practices, and the success of supply chain integration.International Journal of Production Economics,171, 361-370.

Emiliano Zapata Essays - Guerrillas, Zapatistas,

Emiliano Zapata The Ideology of a Peasant Revolutionary Zapata The Ideology of a Peasant Revolutionary portrays the fight of the Mexicans' and Indians' to gain freedom, from the people who were 'superior' to them. The powerful story tells about a group of peasants who put their trust one man, Zapata, who led them into a revolution. Zapata, written by Robert P. Milon is a very confusing work. He uses many wordy details and jumps between events in a very fluttery way. When new people make an entrance in the book he does not make a good transition between the events. He could have added more scenes to help the dialogue move smoother. The author also jumped around with a very confusing time-line. Emiliano Zapata was born on August 8, 1879, in Anenecuilco. Zapata was the son of a mestizo peasant who trained and sold horses. He was orphaned at the age of 17 and had to look after his brothers and sisters. In 1897, he was arrested for taking part in a protest. From this you can see that he was a hard worker from the start. He was mestizo, and therefore oppressed by the upper class. In 1909 he was elected president of village defense committee. This part is very moving because it happens early in the story but it shows the first glimmer of hope for these people. By 1910, Zapata, was already planning things and he led his people on two peaceful demonstrations. This was the start of a revolution with Zapata and his followers letting everyone know that they would not take it anymore. The story goes on about the struggle of Zapata and his followers, but by page 36 the hero is lying dead from a trap he fell into. Being that the book starts on page 11, the central character dies rather quickly for the whole book to be about him. After Zapata dies the author attempts to flash back and recap everything that happened between page 11 and page 36, so this book appears to be like in media res stlye. Which is a style of writing by starting in the middle, going ahead, and then telling the beginning. (Oedipus is an example of this). In Chapter II (Agrarianism), the author hastily tried to put all of these Plans, and Articles into the story. He bounced from paragraph to paragraph taking up a new point of an article in each one. The plan of Ayala, first appears on page 40, and by the next paragraph he is running away with Articles VI, VII, and VIII. After that Millon is discussing the two revisions this plan had. By the next page, he is talking about a pamphlet that was used. By page 45 he is introducing a new manifesto. It seemed that every paragraph started with a date saying Zapata addressed so and so at this time to produce this plan . The author felt the need to include what seemed like the life stories of every person involved in making these plans, and the writing of these articles. In Chapter III (Liberalism and Anti-Imperialism), the author seemed to jump back in time, again. This chapter feels like an entire repeat of what chapter II had discussed. Also, through this entire book, the author uses what seems to be Mexican or Spanish in italicized words, which makes it very hard to read . Words such as carrancistas, cacique, porfirista, ejidos, & latifundismo appear. As the book went on, more Mexican words showed up. After the foreign words the author should have translated them. Combined with the unorganized writing method employed one needed help getting through the long and tedious chapters. The only thing constant about, Robert Millon's chaotic writing was that he started every chapter with a long quote from Zapata himself, to set the chapter up. Chapter IV, entitled Misconceptions Concerning Zapatista Ideology, did not help to make anything clearer. The author rambled on making an effort to explain his past chapters and the concepts surrounding Zapata. This was a failed attempt because the author again goes into wordy descriptions and introduces an abundance of people and dates. Also, by the end of this chapter the author feels compelled to use a long list of quotes. Almost every paragraph, is a quote. Millon is not giving the reader his input here, but instead he leaves the reader with pages of quotes to fumble through. It makes it very hard to get through. Chapter IV, named Revolutionary Tactics, Millon discusses

How Neil Armstrong Became the First Man on the Moon

How Neil Armstrong Became the First Man on the Moon For thousands of years, man had looked to the heavens and dreamed of walking on the moon. On July 20,  1969, as part of the Apollo 11 mission, Neil Armstrong became the very first to accomplish that dream, followed only minutes later by Buzz Aldrin. Their accomplishment placed the United States ahead of the Soviets in the Space Race and gave people around the world the hope of future space exploration. Fast Facts: First Moon Landing Date: July 20, 1969Mission: Apollo 11Crew: Neil Armstrong, Edwin Buzz Aldrin, Michael Collins Becoming the First Person on the Moon When the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1 on October 4, 1957, the United States was surprised to find themselves behind in the race to space. Still behind the Soviets four years later, President John F. Kennedy gave inspiration and hope  to the American people in his speech to Congress on May 25, 1961 in which he stated, I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the Earth. Just eight years later, the United States accomplished this goal by placing Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on the moon. Portrait of American astronauts, from left, Buzz Aldrin, Michael Collins, and Neil Armstrong, the crew of NASAs Apollo 11 mission to the moon, as they pose on a model of the moon, 1969. Ralph Morse / Getty Images Take Off At 9:32 a.m. on July 16, 1969, the Saturn V rocket launched Apollo 11 into the sky from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. On the ground, there were over 3,000 journalists, 7,000 dignitaries, and approximately a half million tourists watching this momentous occasion. The event went smoothly and as scheduled. CAPE KENNEDY, UNITED STATES - JULY 16, 1969: Composite 5 frame shot of the gantry retracting while the Saturn V boosters lift off to carry the Apollo 11 astronauts to the Moon.   Ralph Morse / Getty Images After one-and-a-half orbits around Earth, the Saturn V thrusters flared once again and the crew had to manage the delicate process of attaching the lunar module (nicknamed Eagle) onto the nose of the joined command and service module (nicknamed Columbia). Once attached, Apollo 11 left the Saturn V rockets behind as they began their three-day journey to the moon, called the translunar coast. A Difficult Landing On July 19, at 1:28 p.m. EDT, Apollo 11 entered the moons orbit. After spending a full day in lunar orbit, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin boarded the lunar module and detached it from the command module for their descent to the moons surface. As the Eagle departed, Michael Collins, who remained in the Columbia while Armstrong and Aldrin were on the moon, checked for any visual problems with the lunar module. He saw none and told the Eagle crew, You cats take it easy on the lunar surface. Members of the Kennedy Space Center control room team rise from their consoles to see the liftoff of the Apollo 11 mission 16 July 1969.   NASA / Getty Images As the Eagle headed toward the moons surface, several different warning alarms were activated. Armstrong and Aldrin realized that the computer system was guiding them to a landing area that was strewn with boulders the size of small cars. With some last-minute maneuvers, Armstrong guided the lunar module to a safe landing area. At 4:17 p.m. EDT on July 20, 1969, the landing module landed on the moons surface in the Sea of Tranquility with only seconds of fuel left. Armstrong reported to the command center in Houston, Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed. Houston responded, Roger, Tranquility. We copy you on the ground. You got a bunch of guys about to turn blue. Were breathing again. Walking on the Moon After the excitement, exertion, and drama of the lunar landing, Armstrong and Aldrin spent the next six-and-a-half hours resting and then preparing themselves for their moon walk. At 10:28 p.m. EDT, Armstrong turned on the video cameras. These cameras transmitted images from the moon to over half a billion people on Earth who sat watching their televisions. It was phenomenal that these people were able to witness the amazing events that were unfolding hundreds of thousands of miles above them. This grainy, black-and-white image taken on the Moon shows Neil Armstrong about to step off the Eagle lander and onto the surface of the Moon for the first time. NASA   Neil Armstrong was the first person out of the lunar module. He climbed down a ladder and then became the first person to set foot on the moon at 10:56 p.m. EDT. Armstrong then stated, Thats one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind. A few minutes later, Aldrin exited the lunar module and stepped foot on the moons surface. Working on the Surface Although Armstrong and Aldrin got a chance to admire the tranquil, desolate beauty of the moons surface, they also had a lot of work to do. NASA had sent the astronauts with a number of scientific experiments to set up and the men were to collect samples from the area around their landing site. They returned with 46 pounds of moon rocks. Armstrong and Aldrin also set up a flag of the United States. Armstrong and Aldrin unfurl the US flag on the moon, 1969. Apollo 11, the first manned lunar landing mission, was launched on 16 July 1969 and Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin became the first and second men to walk on the moon on 20 July 1969. The third member of the crew, Michael Collins, remained in lunar orbit. Oxford Science Archive / Getty Images While on the moon, the astronauts received a call from President Richard Nixon. Nixon began by saying, Hello, Neil and Buzz. I am talking to you by telephone from the Oval Office of the White House. And this certainly has to be the most historic telephone call ever made. I just cant tell you how proud we are of what you have done. Time to Leave After spending 21 hours and 36 minutes upon the moon (including 2 hours and 31 minutes of outside exploration), it was time for Armstrong and Aldrin to leave. To lighten their load, the two men threw out some excess materials like backpacks, moon boots, urine bags, and a camera. These fell to the moons surface and were to remain there. Also left behind was a plaque which read, Here men from the planet Earth first set foot upon the moon. July 1969, A.D. We came in peace for all mankind. Apollo 11 lunar module rising above the moon to rendezvous with command module before heading home, with half Earth visible over horizon in background. Time Life Pictures / NASA / Getty Images   The lunar module blasted off from the moons surface at 1:54 p.m. EDT on July 21, 1969. Everything went well and the Eagle re-docked with the Columbia. After transferring all of their samples onto the Columbia, the Eagle was set adrift in the moons orbit. The Columbia, with all three astronauts back on board, then began their three-day journey back to Earth. Splash Down Before the Columbia command module entered the Earths atmosphere, it separated itself from the service module.  When the capsule reached 24,000 feet, three parachutes deployed to slow down the Columbias descent. At 12:50 p.m. EDT on July 24, the Columbia safely landed in the Pacific Ocean, southwest of Hawaii. They landed just 13 nautical miles from the U.S.S. Hornet that was scheduled to pick them up. astronauts wait in life raft for a helicopter to lift them to the U.S.S. Hornet after successful splashdown July 24th. Astronauts Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Buzz Aldrin successfully completed moon mission. Theyre wearing isolation garments.   Bettmann / Getty Images Once picked up, the three astronauts were immediately placed into quarantine for fears of possible moon germs. Three days after being retrieved, Armstrong, Aldrin, and Collins were transferred to a quarantine facility in Houston for further observation. On August 10, 1969, 17 days after splashdown, the three astronauts were released from quarantine and able to return to their families. The astronauts were treated like heroes on their return. They were met by President Nixon and given ticker-tape parades. These men had accomplished what men had only dared to dream for thousands of years- to walk on the moon.

Lakoff and Johnson Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lakoff and Johnson - Assignment Example According to Lakoff and Johnson, metaphorical concepts are beyond the ordinary meaning and far from the literal thinking and talking as they contain figurative, colorful, or poetic language (1980). Structural metaphors are conventional metaphors in which one of the concepts can be expressed in terms of another that is structured and sharply defined. For example According to Lakoff and Johnson, structural metaphors are cases in which source domains give the frameworks for the target domains in arguments (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980). In structural metaphors, economic activity is equal to war and relates various economic activities as war and the economy as the battlefield. The competitors in the businesses are warriors or armies that fight against each other. The economic activities take the concepts of attack and defense as in the example. â€Å"Due to the crises, the Indians will strike back meaning the country will work hard to revive the economy. Another example is "Labor is a resource and time is a resource†. The metaphors relate to economic resources especially in developed countries where labor and time are valuable assets for

Service Contracting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Service Contracting - Essay Example There is a need to create methods that allow tools to rationalize about service contracts concerning their value. Feasibility analyzes help to unravel mainly and reasonably the merits and demerits of an up and running business or prospective business project, opportunities and risks existing in the setting. According to Kelly (2010), feasibility analysis helps present a chronological data of a business venture, brief account of the product or service, account statements, data of the activities and managerial aspects. Also, it helps present legal obligations including economic and tax information. Over and above, the efficacy of feasibility analyzes entails measuring the businesss prospective success. In this regard, an objective report gives the potential investors a chance to make correct decisions. The contractor selection process, which results in the awarding of construction contracts, is a significant factor in the building and construction industry. Many legal guidelines require that contractor selection process begin with a public advertisement where all the candidates submit their bids (Savas, 2005). These contracts can be granted via direct selection of informal competitive bidding process or negotiated contracting. The best practice techniques for administering a service contract entails adopting methods that institutions can use in establishing mistakes in the purchasing, managing and administering service contracts (Kelly, 2010). The best practices are actual approaches that institutions can use to boost the procurement process. Above all, best practice techniques entail to specific institutional procedures, standard, budget and time limits. In order to have a service contract objective, the public must be protected. This is because of the probability of acquiring poor quality service, elements of underperformance or failure concerns that can easily put the members of the public in

Jones Blair Case Study Essay Example for Free

Jones Blair Case Study Essay Jones †¢ Blair is a company that produces and sells architectural paint it also sell paint sundries which include paintbrushes and rollers. It caters to over 50 countries which are divided into two sectors the DFW area and the non-DFW area. Of the two the DFW area has been proven to be the most successful area for the company. In 1999 the company made 80 million in sales and 60% of this was contributed by the DFW area. There are two segments within the company’s main sales attributes and these are between the do it yourself market and the professional market. With regards to the professional market in the DFW area this accounted for 70% of sales In the non-DFW area 70% of sales were made through the do-it-yourself market. During a meeting the company discussed the problem of where and how to carry out marketing efforts. They were left with four options: 1) Cut the price by 20%. 2) Hire one additional sales rep. 3) Spend additional $350,000 on advertising. 4) Stay the same. A detailed look into each option. 1) Cut the price by 20%. The shopper research programme indicated that dealers will back off the brand when the customer appears price sensitive. By cutting the price by 20% this will allow the company to be on par with national brands. The current contribution margin for the company is 35% if the price was to be cut by 20% then the new contribution margin would be reduced to: 35% 20% = 15% with the current sale volume being $12 million and a price cut of 20% the sales would have to increase significantly for the price cut to be effective. According to Barrett â€Å"we are now the highest price paint in our service area† the fact that the company still has increasing sales despite being the highest cost brand of all the competitors this shows that the company is being perceived as giving high quality goods where people don’t mind about paying extra for their brand. If the company was to cut the price by 20% this may leave doubts in peoples minds about whether or not the brand is actually as high quality as they had thought. The fact that they can get away with charging a higher price for their brand they should stick with it. 2) Hire one additional sales rep. Currently the company has 8 sales reps which are responsible for the following tasks: Monitoring inventories. Taking orders. Assisting in store display. Coordinating cooperative advertising programmes. A survey indicated that the sales reps were very well liked, helpful, professional and knowledgeable with regards to paint. These reps are paid a salary and also a 1% commission. The cost of hiring an additional sales rep would be $60,000 a year, this is excluding commission. The vice president feels that the current sales reps aren’t aggressive enough and the fact that only 5 new accounts were made in the last 5 years something needs to be done. Only 16% of the accounts come from the non-DFW area so maybe a focus needs to be placed onto this area. If this was to be done, an additional sales rep be assigned to the non-DFW area this could lead to a significant increase in sales. 3) Spend additional $350,000 on advertising. The vice president of advertising believes that there is a need for an awareness level of 30% among do-it-yourselfers to affect their sales. An emphasis on television coverage will reach non-DFW consumers in 15 countries. Research shows that ads affect the buying process Since most consumers consider the store before the actual brand maybe the advertising should be focused more-so on corporate ads rather than brand ads. The company spends 3% of its net sales on advertising therefore the current cost of advertising is: 3% of 12 million = 360000 with an additional spend of $350000 on advertising the total cost of advertising would be: 360000+ 350000= $710,000. This would almost double the cost of advertising and since there’s an emphasis on television this could prove to be a risky option, especially since brand awareness isn’t the main attribution to buyer behaviour. Another factor to consider is the fact that 75% of the audience of the advert arent buying paint. 4) Stay the same. The final option for the company would be to keep everything the same which is advised by the vice president of finance. Since the company is continuing to make profit he feels that if you were to take the other options that there would have to be a significant increase in the sales volume which may not be a result. Although most of the options offer different benefits and of course different drawbacks we dont think there is an outright option to choose. With regards to the cut in price of 20% we dont believe this option should be chosen. The fact that the company is allowed to charge the higher price and is perceived as being a high quality brand why should they risk losing all of this by accepting the price cut. The next option with regards to hiring an additional sales rep we feel that the fact that they have 8 sales reps already would the addition of another really make a significant impact on sales. Rather than focusing on hiring a new one we believe that if they focused more-so and possibly retraining their current sales reps this could prove to be more effective. The fact that the sales reps are already considered highly by the customers is a bonus. If more effort was put into them and how they could improve efficiency then this could be worthwhile to the company. The company could divide up the sales reps into the necessary markets and possibly by offering them incentives this could increase their performance. By hiring an additional sales rep doesnt necessarily promise a change in sales. With regards to an increase of advertising spending of $350,000 we wouldnt recommend this option. As the company wants to put an emphasis on television and the fact that 75% of the audience dont buy paint, the 25% of the audience that do doesnt seem like a big enough market coverage to invest such a lot of money into. Instead we feel they should look into other marketing options. The fact that with regards to buyer behaviour that customers choose the store first before the brand maybe the company should look into advertising within the actual stores. They could look into what stores are proven to be more popular and focus advertising attention on these. With the last option as staying the same although the company is continuing to make profits we feel like this could be the easy option. Rather than just being content with what is currently happening with the business they should focus on improving the business. The fact is that more and more competitors may enter the market or even people may change their buying behaviour but ultimately the company should try and always be a brand considered.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Essay -- Behavior Disorders A

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder â€Å"ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is like living in a fast moving kaleidoscope where sounds, images and thoughts are constantly shifting.† (NIMH-ADHD) ADHD can be very frustrating and difficult for children. Medication and treatment are available and have been proven effective. Parents can also get frustrated and they could do something wrong. ADHD is effectively treated with medication and therapy. There are three basic types of ADHD. They are inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. (NIMH-ADHD) A child may have one, any combination of two or even all three of these types. If a child has a hard time keeping their mind on one thing or if they get bored easy they have a type of ADHD that is called inattention. If the child has hyperactivity ADHD, they are always moving, can’t sit still, and talk incessantly. They squirm in their seat or pace around the room. If the child has impulsive ADHD they are unable to think before they do something. They might run out into the street without looking, or blurt out something completely inappropriate. Parents must understand that everyone shows signs of ADHD at times, so the DMS (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) has a specific guideline for determining ADHD. (Aschenbrenner, Diane S.) Showing signs of ADHD could mean the child is suffering from chronic fear of mild seizures. If the child has problems in sc hool it could mean one of three things. One is the child actually has ADHD. The child has trouble paying attention and may get frustrated with school. Two, the child does not have ADHD the child is just bored with the subject because of the ease of it and therefore shows signs of ADHD. Or three, the child again does not have ADHD, but is having trouble because they are just not developmentally ready for the material. There is no direct link from ADHD to bad parenting or inadequate home-life. Although, if the child does have ADHD, good parenting and support is necessary. Bad parents only make things more difficult for both the children and the parents. Parents often ask, â€Å"What did I do wrong?† but in fact the question is often times irrelevant. Scientists have learned a lot about ADHD in the past decade. They have determined things that do not cause ADHD that people usually blame right away. They are too much televi... ...Many people go through counseling. So kids with ADHD must make the change as gradual as possible. They should continue therapy even after they live on their own. They should talk to their doctor about continuing medication. It is very important that an ADHD child does this because it would be rough if they did not continue to seek therapy. ADHD is a life complicating disorder. It would be easier if nobody had to suffer though this horrible disorder, but until they figure that out they do. However people with this disorder can be successfully be treated with a combination of medication and good therapy. A set of good parents helps too. People with bad parents are worse off in life in general. An ADHD child needs a lot of support in the process of growing up in order to be successful in society. Sources Cited About ADD - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Available at: http://add.about.com Aschenbrenner, Diane S., Drug Therapy in Nursing, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, March 2005 Attention Deficit Disorder Association, Available at: http://www.add.org "NIMH-ADHD" Available at: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/adhd/complete-publication.shtml

Cultural Diversity and Its Effect on Mnc’s Essay

These days cultural diversity plays a significant role in a company. The criteria discriminating these groups include race, geographic basis, civilization, gender, age, functional or educational background, physical and cognitive competence, language, lifestyles, beliefs, cultural background, economic category, occupancy with the organization and sexual preference. As a MNC works in a global market it must be ready to detect all possible changes in the global environment and it has to be able to communicate and adapt the identity of the company to them. For example in India women’s will not work for night so they have to manage time for their convenience. The company can’t offer quality products or services to the customers if it doesn’t understand and take in account the impact that the culture has in all the processes. Workers usually think that their behavior hasn’t got any influence on the final product or service, but to be effective, every part must have a clear vision of the company and a clear mission on it. The social, political and enterprise structure depends on everyone in the company, so the internal area and the human resources, one of the most important areas of a company, must be developed with the rest of the company to achieve their goals. The misunderstanding and ignoring of different cultures, language and historical background lead to disasters in the field of setting up multinational business. To avoid this, a general knowledge of another nation’s culture and history is essential. So general cultural knowledge, if coupled with prejudice and prejudgment, is an obstacle to effective global management. 2.1 Communication and language barriers One main challenge under culture is language barriers. Communication is necessary for management. Yet communication relies upon a common language, a condition that does not exist in many global business situations and that is when the problems start. The most pronounced sign of the language barrier at work can be found in the relationship between a multinational parent company and its network of global subsidiaries. Several factors contribute to the difficulty of achieving and sustaining effective communications and a productive, collaborative relationship. Even if an employee is relatively competent in the language of the other party, loss of rhetorical skills is always present as the use of humor, symbolism, sensitivity, negotiation, persuasion and motivation requires a very high level of fluency. 2.2 Attitudes towards Appointments and Deadlines In America, Americans were give strict obedience to time commitments and it was a basic principle of professionalism and polite behavior. Because everything tends to be strictly scheduled, postponements in one appointment or deadline can have a serious ripple effect on a coworker or customer’s other work commitments. But for example: The more flexible and open-ended approach to time of Indian and Sri Lankan businesses culture can create tensions and adverse impressions on American counterparts 3. MNC Workforce Diversity Multinational Companies (MNC) had to face a number of new challenges in their daily business over the past couple of years. Globalization changed various things for global players. In general MNC structure shows a focus on their main resources and departments like finance, technology, marketing, sales and production, because they want to have a large number of customers and to earn profit. A huge challenge MNC have to manage is their workforce diversity. The milestone research by Hofstede with 116,000 recruits of IBM, a giant MNC in 50 countries and 3 regions recognized four cultural values in the workplace: Individualism-collectivism, Power difference, Uncertainty avoidance and masculinity-femininity. For example: the United States was the greatest and Guatemala was lowest in individualism. Malaysia was the highest and Austria was the lowest in the power distance values. Greece was the highest and Singapore was the lowest in the uncertainty avoidance values. Japan was the highest an d Sweden was the lowest in the masculinity values. There have been significant amount of intercultural and cross-cultural studies with these cultural values, and some studies demonstrated the relationship between communication styles with some of these values. Because of this diversity one of the key success factors of MNC is the recruitment and selection of human resources who offer valuable uniqueness. These individuals are forming the values and beliefs of a business. There are two key challenges within global HRM specifically building global corporate cultures and developing global leaders that have to be mastered in order to manage diversity and be successful in the global business surroundings. Managing diversity in MNC during HRM To manage workforce diversity in MNC it’s a challenge for the human resource management to set up a global corporate culture. To recognize with the corporate culture of the company is the most significant thing for the workforce. That is why building a global corporate culture is one of the most important challenges for Multinational Companies. Employee behavior is possibly the most critical challenge that multinational organizations have to deal with. In Multinational Companies there is a huge potential of conflicts, because of its diverse personalities. As a result of this anxieties will arise among employees. Individuals try to adapt their behaviors to fit the demands of a particular environment. In order to adapt to the environment, individuals sacrifice their individualities to fit in with their new cooperatives. Individuals become incorporated into the culture of an organization when they are successfully understood into the workplace. Successful cultural adaptation redu ces members’ anxiety, role conflict, and intentions to leave. Additionally, successful adaptation increases organizational obligation, job satisfaction, confidence, and job familiarity as well as successful acculturation and establishment of relationship. 4. Challenges of Working across Culture 4.1Stereotyping They are usually misrepresentations and inaccuracies fixed in false guesses and faulty analysis. Usually this valuation is seen in a negative perspective. The challenges to organizations are to acknowledge differences in positive terms. Power struggles and can be the result of stereotyping in organizations. For example, placing women, who stereotypically have had lower status than men in society; in senior management positions create status incongruence in the minds of many of the people. This can root complexities in the leader/subordinate relationship and can root power differences in a business. This is done in such a way that affiliates of minority groups may find it hard to use influence over decision processes in the organization. 4.2 Ethnocentrism Ethnocentrism results when managers identify the differences in cultures – but have a propensity to think that their culture and their way of doing things is the right way, their way of doing things is the only way and the best way. Any difference from their culture or from their way of doing things is seen as â€Å"distortion† or as a â€Å"mistake† or as â€Å"Wrong way†. Most people have the propensity to pursue ethnocentrism. Americans, Japanese, Chinese, Germans, French, Scandinavians, and Russians are more prone to ethnocentrism than other cultures – when compared to other Asians, Latin Americans, British, Australians, Africans and Indians. 4.3Informal Integration Informal groups play a significant role in any business. They influence both the success of the business and the career success of individuals. Total quality plans depend heavily on employee contribution and informal networks can greatly impact this process. Informal groups are influenced by factors such as common language, perceived social similarity, and ethnocentrism. These collective networks are critical for communication in organizations. It has been found that race has a major effect on collective networking. This is not astonishing as you would expect people to have a preference for interaction with members of one’s own culture group, especially in an informal context. 4.4 Parochial Attitude Parochial attitude refers to a person’s incapability to see cultural diversity. This is exactly the reverse of ethnocentrism. Managers who are sent overseas frequently meet people who are also dressed in suits and speak their language – this prompts them to disregard all other cultural differences and make them feel that all others are â€Å"just like us†. In today’s business globe, most people are apt to dress similarly – in suits or other formulas and talk in English, but this does not indicate that all people have the same culture – but people often only see the surface and think that the other person shares the same cultural values. Managers from US/UK often tend to display a strong parochial attitude – mainly because the people with whom they relate on regular basis can speak English and are dressed similarly in suits or western dresses.