Censorship Will Always Interfere With Freedom Of Speech

Censorship will always interfere with freedom of speech. In Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, censorship is one of the main topics depicted. Censorship including the banning of books has been an issue though out history. There has been violence similar to the book burnings by the Firemen in the novel. In Bradbury’s novel, Guy Montag is a Fireman who cannot understand why books have to be burned. He questions what is in the books that can’t be shared with people. Guy questions his boss, Captain Beatty. Beatty explains, â€Å"Obviously, The danger is not in the actual act of reading itself, but rather, the possibility that the texts children read will incite questions, introduce novel ideas and provoke critical inquiry† (Karin pg. 132). The fear of knowing too much is really the issue. If people broaden their knowledge then they can think creatively and have their own opinions. Censorship is not about protecting people against bad things or ideas it is about keeping people in the dark so that only a chosen people have the power and the knowledge. This quest to keep people in the dark and not allow them to learn new ideas or expand their interests is and has been a big issue in many countries. Cuba has the ultimate censorship because Castro has everyone on a tight leash on what everyone is doing. He controls every one’s moves and doesn’t want anyone going against what he believes in. What he doesn’t know is that there are things going on underground that can’t really be stoppedShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Freedom Of Speech675 Words   |  3 Pagesaccount of special interest groups that are fighting to change the freedom of expression, the right to freely represent individual thoughts, feeling and views, in order to protect their families as well as others. These groups, religious or otherwise, believe that publishing unorthodox material is an abuse of free expression under the First Amendment. As we know, the Supreme Court plays an important role in the subject of free speech and expression, and we need to understand that the court system isRead MoreFreedom Of The Media And Freedom Of Speech1540 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"corruption of youth† (Mette), which can be seen as silencing one man for the betterment of everyone, but there is always an ample amount of opinions on such a controversial topic as Freedom of the press, or Freedom of Spe ech. Many nations today believe that very strict and regulated system of governing the media and entertainment is the best answer, such as China, where â€Å"censorship was considered a legitimate instrument for regulating the moral and political life of the population† (Mette), butRead MoreGovernments Censoring Internet Content1490 Words   |  6 Pagesachieve throughout years. Freedom of speech and equity is what people have always needed and are willing to fight for no matter what. As long as government tries to do the opposite, then there would be conflicts and disappointments among population. The Internet is a free domain as it should remain as such. Therefore, it can be argued that governments should not censor Internet content within their borders. The opponents of censoring Internet say that freedom of speech is the fundamental right toRead MoreCensorship Is Only A Temporary Setback1598 Words   |  7 PagesCensorship is Only a Temporary Setback Censorship will always interfere with freedom of speech. In Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, censorship is one of the main topics depicted. Censorship including the banning of books has been an issue thoughout history. There has been violence similar to the book burnings by the firemen in the novel. In 2009, Harry Potter books as well as other novels and music records were burned by Paster Jack Brock in front of his congregation. He felt that these books wereRead More Free Speech Essay809 Words   |  4 Pagesabridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievancesquot; (Funk amp; Wagnalls 162). This Amendment guarantees each person of free speech. Does this mean that a person can stand in the middle of the street and yell anything he wants? No, society, even though it cherishes freedom of speech, does give this freedom certain restrictions. Why does society find it necessary to restrict freedom of speechRead More Should the Internet be censored? Essay946 Words   |  4 Pagesquestion there will always be a valid argument in response to your answer. There are lots of arguments in the answer I found doing the research I did. The United States is not the only country with this problem. Because, remember now the Internet is worldwide and it involves every single country in the world. If a person thinks the Internet should be censored then the following question should be asked: Who should censor the Internet the federal government or parents? Censorship on the Internet isRead MoreCensorship in the Media1115 Words   |  5 PagesIs Censorship necessary? â€Å"Once a government is committed to the principle of silencing the voice of opposition, it has only one way to go, and that is down the path of increasingly repressive measures, until it becomes a source of terror to all its citizens and creates a country where everyone lives in fear. -- Harry S Truman Thesis: Although some people believe that censorship is adequate to select what things does the society will be good and can live around it while others believe that thereRead MoreReligious Speech And Symbolism Should Be Permissible On Public Property1236 Words   |  5 Pagesrespecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances. The Supreme Court should therefore revisit its First Amendment jurisprudence to conform to the original understanding of those who framed and enacted it. Religious speech and symbolism should be permissible on public property. (Bork, 1995) Individuals who are makingRead MorePublic Policy : Freedom Of Speech1235 Words   |  5 Pages3, 2016 Public Policy: Freedom of Speech Around the world governments are placing laws to criminalize different religions, minorities, and offensive expression . The United States up hold the beliefs of â€Å"land of the free† publicizing that the constitution gives Americans rights some countries may not offer . The United States of America stands on the beliefs of the Constitution which includes the first ten amendments . The first being Amendment One which addresses freedom of religion, press, andRead MoreEssay on Brown Vs. Board of Education1458 Words   |  6 Pages Congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press (U.S. Constitution). Throughout the ages, censorship has shown up in various forms ranging from printed works to television and the Internet. It can have the positive effect of protecting children from things they are too immature to view, but it can also have negative effects. Censorship may even suppress new and different ideas, keeping them from being made public. It ma y also set limitations, which stifle the creativity

Benefits of Co-Curricular Activities - 1184 Words

Benefits of Co-curricular Activities Everyone knows about co-curricular. What some of us don’t know about curriculum is that curriculum is as a body of knowledge to be transmitted, it is also as an attempt to achieve certain ends in students – product, plus it is as a process and it is as praxis(Mark K. Smith 1996, 2000). It gave many benefits to a wide range of students and it may help them in many ways. It is also a part of education where it is held outdoors or indoors. Co-curricular activities are optional and pursued outside the classroom to enrich the course syllabi. They are meant to complement and not interfere with the studies. Some say that it is does intervene with studies but there are many researches which state the benefits†¦show more content†¦It is because some situations may put the students in the wrong information about co- curricular activities but when they are already participate they will have the opportunity to learn from these mistakes. Otherwise, self confidence can give the students the opportunity to have faith in others. Sometimes responsibility is not delegated to the student, and in these cases the student must trust their colleagues. Besides, students will be motivated by having self esteem in their life. Self esteem can teach students to believe in themselves. Students will have confidence in their own choices especially when people don’t trust them. It also can teach students not to fear or to be de-motivated by rejection. Students will almost always face rejection, though they must not be provoked in these circumstances. Self respect teaches students to fully respect their decision and thoughts. When a student shows respect for choices they have made, others around them in turn will also learn to respect them. It also encourage students not be second judging their own decisions. Most students face the dilemma of second judging their choices, especially when the odds are against them. By doing co curriculum activities, students are en couraged to have faith in the choices they make. Thirdly, it can build the skills such as social skills, leading skills, and teamwork skills. In social skills, it gives students the opportunity to socialize with other peoples. ForShow MoreRelatedCo-Curricular Activities1632 Words   |  7 PagesPros Cons 1.)Co-curricular activities prepare students practically for the future. The normal curriculum can only go so far as to teach and educate students about academic theories. But students whose only experience of school or college is one of rigid academic study may not be able to apply what they have learned in practice. If the co-curriculum was given an equal footing in student life there will be an improvement in the student ability to grasp things as a whole, because students willRead MorePublic Education For Public Schools1477 Words   |  6 Pagestesting mandates, and public-school funding concerns affect students and their access to curricular and co-curricular offerings. Currently, literature shows that advanced level course work (Geiser Santelices, 2004; Keng Dodd, 2008), socioeconomic status (Denault, Poulin, Pederson, 2009; Sirin, 2005), parental involvement (O’Bryan, Braddock, Dawkins, 2008), and student participation in co-curricular activities (Byrd Ross, 1991 ; Eccles Barber, 1999) frequently result in higher student performanceRead MoreA Report On Newburgh Free Academy Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pageshouses approximately 4,000 students and holds a wide variety of classes, athletic programs, and co-curricular and extra-curricular activities. However, according to the district’s â€Å"Draft Budget Report for Fiscal Year 2017,† these programs do not all receive equal funding. There appears to be a large portion of available funds going towards the athletic program, while fine arts, language, and co-curricular programs receive little to no funding. The majority of public high schools across America, especiallyRead MoreGoals of Mass Public Schooling1112 Words   |  4 Pagessanctions the students to express their individualism with our dressing, our cull of electives and extra Co-curricular activities. Students express their individualism with the habiliments they wear and the classes and the extra Co curricular activities th at they opt to take; as optically discerned in source F where students are in liberty to wear home apparel and participate in extra co curricular activities. Then why is it that there is so much accentuation put on conformity in the school system, whereRead MoreA Research Study On Curricular Activities1253 Words   |  6 Pagesstudents do not understand the importance of extracurricular activities. Parents hesitate to allow their children participate in extra-curricular activities because they feel that these activities distract their offspring from their academic work. This scenario tends to unfold either when a student is struggling academically or when the student wants to focus totally on academics to the exclusion of everything else. They feel that extra-curricular involvement is a waste of precious time. This is accordingRead MoreWhat Does Substance Use And Abuse? Essay1163 Words   |  5 Pagesto a wide variety of areas such as health and social needs (NCFSE,2000). Benefits of Teaching Life-Skills Imparting life skill education in children and adolescents will bring valuable benefits which include †¢ The teaching of life skills education promotes self esteem, peace education, self confidence etc ( Prutzman et al., 1988 ,TACADE,1990) †¢ The teaching of life skills education helps to prevent antisocial activities and behavior like substance abuse etc. (Botvin et.al. 1984, Pentz, 1983).Read MoreCo-Curriculum Activities Are a Waste of Time2158 Words   |  9 Pagesrange of other classes, clubs and activities is available to students, sometimes in lessons but more often in the lunch break or after school. These are referred to as the co-curriculum, or as extra-curricular activities, and they are mostly voluntary for students. Examples would include sports, musical activities, debate, Model United Nations, community service, religious study groups, charitable fundraising, Young Enterprise projects, military cadet activities, drama, science clubs, and hobbiesRead More1 Student 1 Sport Policy1750 Words   |  7 Pagesto a person’s life. This is due to the benefits in health that can be derived from it and also skills such as strategic thinking and teamwork can be learnt. Most pupils have benefitted from pa rticipation in various sports, but most voluntarily participated in the sport activities of their choice. Sports serve as an excellent physical exercise. Those who play sports have a more positive body image than those who do not. Sports often involve physical activities like running, jumping, stretching andRead MoreImportance of Co-Curricular Activities in Schools3171 Words   |  13 PagesCo-curricular and Extracurricular Activities General Policy Recognizing the importance of providing educational activities that enrich and broaden student experiences as an integral part of the curriculum as well as beyond the normal academic day, the School Committee supports the development of co-curricular and extracurricular programs in accordance with the policies established by the School Department. Co-curricular programs are defined as those activities that enhance and enrich the regularRead MoreExtra Curricular Activities Affect Students Learning And Academic Performance1335 Words   |  6 PagesExtra-curricular activities can affect students learning and academic performance because of time management skills. Students who engage in extra-curricular activities have difficulty managing their time. For instance, activities such as basketball and volleyball requires a lot of energy and dedication. Don’t you think these students are going to adhere to the principles every activity demands of them? Especially those students that enjoy the sport? Activities may take more than several hours

The Balance Score Card Method

Question: Discuss about the Report for The Balance Score Card Method. Answer: Introduction There have been several ways where companies have managed to garner their business in the world markets and the centralized markets. The concept of measuring the companys analytics help the organization and all accountants in the company to measure out different terms where the company has managed business and whether the current investment plans of the company have been in the loss charts or in the profit charts. The financial way of measurement provides many effective measurements techniques and ways for these purposes, however the given scenario has illustrated a business company which operates an airline known as Elites and has been serving the area known as Shine. The main business structure of the airline has flourished in the recent years because of their capabilities to capture the markets with more penetration and providing extremely low cost tickets as compared to the other airlines. The company has also managed to become the leading airline operating in the state because o f its formed hegemony which comes in complete collaboration with the government operating in Shine and their capability to provide the airline with the route plan that distinctively make the airline run and being the only one on these routes. The Airline has also managed to become extremely determined to be clean and on time for their clients, in this particular retrospective, the airline has received numerous awards from the Aviation departments which have been well reputed over the years and thus all of these traits acting out as the most successful marketing plan for Elite. The recent change and diverse policies which have been enforced by the Shine has caused the company to embark on the journey of now finding the effects and implementation of these policies on the company profit, variations and to show different indicators which could improve their working. This very purpose has caused a new innovation in the company to use a system called Balance Scorecard Sheet method which h as been on non-financial ambit and helps to provide all the desired effects and results which the company wants. Importance of using Balance Scoresheets The balance Scorecard is a systematic way of measuring the direct performance of any company or organization, it uses specific trait analysis systems and keeps the managers completely aware of the stance their organization has been working on. The need and importance for these balance sheet is that they increase the different amounts of verbal communication and in verbal communication between all of the employees and the directors of the company by letting each and every entity completely aware of the fact that the organization is completely on the path to prove its prosperity. The method truly thrives on the basis of using different arrays of metrics which are incorporated in a non-financial way and would perfectly help out Elite Airlines into calculating their progressions with changing policies. The basic etymology of this method has been developed into the recent years because the necessary performance evaluation for the organization is not the only thing which the Balance Score Card gives out, it gives the opportunity to the executive and strategy managers in the company to completely execute the data and provide the remedial actions needed to cater the problems and jolt down different strategies.[1] Financial Vs Non-Financial Financial methods which have been used by companies for ages long have been using the following tools in order to keep the companys managements and strategical measures to be intact and completely aligned. Rating The scales for employees This particular rating method has been used by organization for rating their employees and their performance in the organization by making them completely aware of their points and also specifying different scales and measurements for different tasks and assigned goals to the employees. The typical example which can be laid down is that many organization use the scale variation from 1 to 10, in this particular scenario 1 has the lowest rating value whereas 10 has been defined as the efficient and best possible rating for the employees.[2] This method enhances the appraisal of employees and makes them more motivated about their jobs and relevant behavior and hence promulgates about the company being standalone in the progressive behavior. Paired Comparisons The paired comparison which can be used between two different employees who are working under the same position. This particular method of non-financial method of evaluation of a company's strategic goals identifies two different people anb then the responsible managers than make different analysis between the two people and assuming them to be more competent or not. However such type of behaviors have in the past shown that these methods can create different classes whereas the lowest ranked employees are often fired from the firms and the others on the good side re promoted. The balance sheet method has made its way into different countries around the world because of its unique capability and making efficient decisions. The reason why many people have identified this method to be the next potential in the industrial organizations is because the financial methods provide data analytics which involve different customers interactions and relations which have been proved not to be in use by many recent organizations operating in the current world, these analytics have been proved to be insufficient information and mostly relate to the world of the past for these organizations which proves to be incapable for the company to make different judgement about their future plans.[3] The Current non-financial methods which have been discussed in this report provide employee information, different financial status, future perspectives of the company which can make the executives of the Airline Company to differentiate between their old methods and the new ones with a diverse approach. Difference between balanced scorecard and traditional performance measures Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton have given an amazing concept of measuring other factors within a company by making it easier to compete in the market. These measures allows the company to take care of your other performance factors like environment, targets and goals of the company.[4] Kaplan and Norton contrast the adjusted scorecard with the dials and pointers in a plane cockpit. Four Perspectives Kaplan and Norton suggest that chiefs assemble data from four critical points of view: The client's point of view. Directors must know about the needs of their clients whether they are properly fulfilled or not! The inner business point of view. Supervisors need to concentrate on more on the internal structure of the company because it contributes a lot in achieving the required targets. The development and learning point of view. An association's capacity to enhance, learn and improve the new concepts in order to make their base strong enough to survive in the competition. The budgetary viewpoint. In the private division, these measures make sure about the profits and losses, return on investment, profitability, etc.[5] Considering traditional performance measures, they only focus on the financial part of the organization and in the current scenario where the Board of Directors are looking forward to expand their business by covering all their weak parts so it is important for them to take care of other factors which will definitely affect their performance. Traditional performance measures help you understand the profits and losses of the company for a short period of term which is only helpful for short term whereas in order to compete others, it is really important that Elite airline focuses more on other performance factors. Traditional performance measures are not feasible in the long run because they just give you the analysis of the profits and losses of the company.[6] They will let the company know what costs and expenditure has been required for the next period or what has already been done. Critical evaluation of balanced score card as a performance measurement tool to maximize success. There are some major points which can lead Elite Airline to maximize success by driving the balanced scorecard properly and effectively. Be specific Instead of just focusing on the above four perspectives, it is ideal to think something out of the box for your company. Elite airline should focus more on the needs and demands of the company so that they can address them properly. They should not only stick to the financial performance of the company. Creating performance index Performance index helps you manage companys performance manually like one should make check list on a chart which focuses on all the goals or mini goals which are required to be achieved within a specific period of time.[7] This way, each and every employee would understand the need of the time and would work accordingly. Involve everyone in the strategy It is really very important to take advantage of the balanced scorecard and get something out of it by addressing everyone to manage their own objectives. This way, everyone would work according to their own objectives and can produce better results instead of all working on the same thing at one time. Make a long term approach A balanced scorecard allows you to make a long term approach instead of just looking things for a short time period. This can only be done when you involve more people in getting the better results. It is really beneficial for the company if it formulates a long term strategy because the growth of the company is dependent on the factors which are applicable in long term. Recommendations through each performance measure If Elite Airline is looking for assessing its finances properly and efficiently, then balanced scorecard allows you to track and monitor the financial success and how the company is looking after the shareholders as well. This performance measure will enable them to see the Return on Investments, revenue and profitability, etc. Elite Airline must focus on the customer satisfaction mainly through this performance measure of the balanced scorecard because customer retention makes the company stronger for a long term period. It is very important for Elite Airline to concentrate on their future growth which primarily includes two factors, operational capital and human capital. As the competition is increasing for Elite Airline, it is really important to keep changing, learning and improving in order to make your future even better. Elite Airline needs to work on achieving the internal operational goals which will help them grow rapidly. It will help the company to see which activities are fulfilling the needs of the company. Current developments and emerging issues of balanced score card and performance measurement We have seen how the balanced scorecard can help the company to achieve its goals and especially when there is more competition. But at the same time, there is one other side of the picture as well which shows us how companies are unable to use the scorecard efficiently. There have been some emerging issues lately with the use of balanced scorecard performance measures because the companies get confuse over different perspectives it handles. It has got a lot of benefits but sometimes companies overlook its main objective and purpose. The problems due to balanced scorecard performance measures can be resolved but there are some companies out there which still prefer using the traditional performance measure just to assess their financial performance.[8] References Cheng, M.M. and Humphreys, K.A., 2012. The differential improvement effects of the strategy map and scorecard perspectives on managers' strategic judgments.The Accounting Review,87(3), pp.899-924. Grigoroudis, E., Orfanoudaki, E. and Zopounidis, C., 2012. Strategic performance measurement in a healthcare organisation: A multiple criteria approach based on balanced scorecard.Omega,40(1), pp.104-119. Hoque, Z., 2014. 20 years of studies on the balanced scorecard: Trends, accomplishments, gaps and opportunities for future research.The British accounting review,46(1), pp.33-59. Kim, J. and Rhee, J., 2012. An empirical study on the impact of critical success factors on the balanced scorecard performance in Korean green supply chain management enterprises.International Journal of Production Research,50(9), pp.2465-2483. Northcott, D. and Ma'amora Taulapapa, T., 2012. Using the balanced scorecard to manage performance in public sector organizations: Issues and challenges.International Journal of Public Sector Management,25(3), pp.166-191. Perkins, M., Grey, A. and Remmers, H., 2014. What do we really mean by Balanced Scorecard?.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,63(2), pp.148-169. Reefke, H. and Trocchi, M., 2013. Balanced scorecard for sustainable supply chains: design and development guidelines.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,62(8), pp.805-826. Wu, H.Y., 2012. Constructing a strategy map for banking institutions with key performance indicators of the balanced scorecard.Evaluation and Program Planning,35(3), pp.303-320.

The Neandertals Essay Example For Students

The Neandertals Essay The NeandertalsStaring into the gloom, I imagine the caves ancient inhabitants,wrapped in bear skins, huddled near a fire. The haunches of areindeer roast in the fire. A mother nurses her infant. Childrenplayfully throw pieces of bone into the flames. An old woman tendsthe wounds of a hunter with an herbal ointment. The strong smellsof smoke, unwashed bodies, and rotting carcasses thicken the air. Until recently, nobody would have assumed that the above passage (RickGore, pp.6) was about how the Neandertals lived. However, recent studies haveshown that Neandertals are smarter than we first thought. The geography of the Neandertals domain was quite odd. 230,000 yearsago Europe was filled with caves, marshes, and grasslands. It was a very harshand cold wilderness. The Neandertals were in existence right in the middle ofthe Ice Age, and although occasional warm periods would create subtropicalconditions as far north as England for thousands of years, the glaciers wouldalways return and the Neandertals would always be forced south again. TheNeandertals could be found as far north as England and as far south as Spain,from Gibralter to Uzbekistan. We will write a custom essay on The Neandertals specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Neandertal bones have been found in the Neander Valley and DusseldorfGermany, in Altamura, Italy and Vindija, Croatia. These are major sites for theEuropean caves the Neandertals lived in. Although the Neandertals went to thesouthern tip of Italy, they never crossed the Mediterranean Sea to Africa. Theymigrated from central Europe to central Asia to the Middle East and always cameback. Their main mode of moving around was on their feet, and they usuallytravelled in bands of no more than 30 people. The Neandertals had broad noses, and scientists think this was to warmthe cold air. They also had thick browridges, receding chins, high foreheads,and their skulls sloped back over their brains. They learned to hunt in groupsin order to kill the bigger game. The Neandertals lived with modern humans for10,000 years, but they didnt change, and eventually it is believed the modernhumans conquered them with their more advanced technology. Although not much is known about the Neandertals culture,anthropologists have some ideas of how they lived their life. It is believed by many that the Neandertals practiced cannibalism for adeath ritual. There is evidence of this on the skulls and big bones ofNeandertals. There are cut marks and some bones have been broken open and arewithout marrow. Why would they do this? Maybe they liked the way theirneighbors tasted, or maybe it was a ritual for a religion of theirs. There isother evidence they have a religion. One archaeologist found a carved andpolished ivory tooth, and since it looked to have no purpose as a tool, it ismost probably a spiritual object. The bodies of people were found in a cavewith flowers around them. This also suggests some sort of religion. Scientists had always thought that the technology of the Neandertals wasprimitive. However, they have changed their minds. You need a lot of brainsfor flint knapping, Jacques Pelegrin of the French Center for ArchaeologicalResearch. Recent excavations show that Neandertal tools required a high levelof craftsmanship and mental ability. During most of their existence,Neandertals have what is called Mousterian technology- flaked tools (i.e. scrapers and points) and this remained unchanged for 100,000 years. During thelast few thousand years of their lives, they developed what is calledChatelperronian technology- hafted points and more complex. It was also thought that the Neandertals couldnt speak. One theory isthat they communicated through mental telepathy, due to the large brains. Nowthough, anthropologists believe that the Neandertals spoke at least arudimentary language. A hyoid bone(the voice box hangs from it in the back ofthe throat) was found in a body recently. They may not have had a language ascomplex as ours. but at least they could talk to each other, saidChristopher Stringer, a paleoanthropologist at the Natural History Museum inLondon. .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 , .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 .postImageUrl , .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 , .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86:hover , .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86:visited , .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86:active { border:0!important; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86:active , .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86 .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u95787a21631bb85f9ee6761a7c8cdb86:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Journalism during War EssayThe Neandertals were plagued by injuries and disease, but there isevidence that they were cared for by the group. They ate cave bears and aurochsand other big game, slicing off the skin with sharp flints. The skins theycured and wore draped over their bodies, and they made buildings resemblingteepees out of wood or mammoth bones and the hides of some animals. The Neandertals had a compassionate side, something not expected fromtheir big and squat appearance. They cared for their sick and injured, and theyhad families, as a man, two women, and an infant were found buried together withpersonal decorations on them and pollen from wildflowers. Some think thatbodies were also disposed of in large caves for housecleaning. Still, one of the biggest questions of Neandertals today is whathappened to them? Nobody really knows. There are many theories, however. The Neandertals inhabited Europe from about 230,000 to 30,000 years ago. About 40,000 years ago the modern humans arrived. They lived peacefully side byside for 10,000 years and then all record of Neandertal life ends. It isthought that the modern humans conquered and destroyed the Neandertals withtheir advanced technology. Or maybe the Neandertals interbred with the modernhumans and got slowly replaced, unable to compete. It is also possible that anatural disaster(like the Ice Age) caught them in the north and they were unableto leave, as they were surrounded by modern humans. It is very surprising that there is no record of violence between theNeandertals and the modern humans. I see confrontation. People who grow up inthe Middle East understand that. We dont like each other. We rarelyintermarry, and we kill each other whenever we can. I dont think you canprevent competition among societies, said Ofer Bar-Yosef. If that is so, thenmaybe the modern humans DID overthrow the Neandertals. All anthropologist know is that 35,000 years ago the Neandertalsmigrated one last time to the caves on the southern tip of Spain, and yet theynever once tried to get over to Africa. Why not?I see them again, chipping at flints and gazing down at herds ofelk and aurochs that grazed the rich grasslands below. Now,where their prey once wandered, the ships of many nations anchor. Beyond them, Africa looms through the haze, filling me withwanderlust and questions. (Rick Grey, pp. 35)

The Gift of Magi free essay sample

Country Lovers Alyssa Helm English 125 Instructor: David Makhanlall November 7, 2011 Themes: The Gift of Magi It is always great to read stories where the author is able to show love between two characters. â€Å"The Gift of Magi† was a great example of this. This story showed how a couple’s love was so strong between the two, that they were able to give up their most prize possessions for one another. â€Å"The Gift of Magi† allows the reader to be able to relate to this love story with a heartwarming theme of love vs. material things. As a reader reading this story there were a lot of themes or meanings that this story has. A theme: â€Å"it is not a statement about a dominant impression or mood; it is not a moral or proposition; it is not the attitude of the writer. Theme is more complex than any of these elements of fiction; it cant be defined in a single word† (Clugston, R. We will write a custom essay sample on The Gift of Magi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page W. (2010). The most important would be showing the limits a person would go for someone that they love, even if it means giving up the most important thing to them. Della, with only $1. 7, wanted to make sure that she was able to provide her husband with what she felt would be the best Christmas gift. Della considered her long, brown hair as one of her most prized possessions. But, when it came down to her hair or getting her husband Jim a Christmas gift she did not think twice about cutting it. The twenty dollars that the woman offered her at the hair shop seemed to be just enough for her to be able to purchase the perfect gift. There were many literary elements that contributed to the theme of this story. The first one would be symbols. There are two main symbols that are represented in this story. This would be Della’s long brown hair and her husband Jim’s gold watch. . Had the queen of Sheba lived in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the window some day to dry just to depreciate Her Majestys jewels and gifts. Had King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck at his beard from envy(Clugston, R. W. (2010). These two things are focused on the most in this story. The end result in this story has a twist on it. Della and Jim both bought things to compliment each other’s prized possessions. The focus was mainly put on Della’s hair however at the end of the story it reveals how her husband Jim had sold his watch so that he was able to purchase the hair barrettes that she couldn’t use now because she cut her hair. Della didn’t know what reaction she would get from her husband, she even went home to style her now short hair so that it maybe her husband would accept her drastic cut. The couple did this only to find out at the end of the story that they both got rid of what was most important so they could buy each other a gift for the holidays. The second literary element that would contribute to this them would be the point of view. This story was told in third person. This means that the story contained a narrator. â€Å"Its important to remember that the narrator, whether a character inside the story or one looking on from outside the action, is a voice invented by the author for the purposes of the story. Clugston, R. W. (2010). I feel like with this story it helps set the mood and was able to allow the reader to sympathize with the couple. I say this because the narrator is able to describe in full detail the feelings of each character. We are able to see things that we would not if the character had been telling the story. The narrator is able to provide us with full detail about each facial expression, or feeling that is told. Although this couple was only trying to make sure they each had something for Christmas, I feel like if they had communication they would have been able to avoid losing items that meant the most to them. I totally understand how much it means to be able to buy your loved one something on a holiday, but it’s not always about materialistic things as you have each other. Reference Page 1) Clugston, R. W. (2010). Journey into Literature.

Environmental Ethics Essay Sample

Environmental Ethics Essay Sample Environmental Ethics Essay Our environment is one of the most important structures of the physical world that need to be valued and respected. This is because it provides essential elements to offer life. The Earth’s atmosphere is one of the most important structures that Mother Nature created because it offers a place for every organism to thrive. Human Beings need an atmosphere so that they can live in a certain period of time. We thrive by scouting natural resources that sustain our survival such as food. Our environment offers us shelter from any environmental hazards such as natural calamities that often strikes anywhere around the world on a regular basis. However, our environment is at risk for being abused by the humanity due to manmade hazards. Environmental ethics is associated with the existing law that mandates the society to respect our natural environment and preserve the society. The goal of promoting environmental ethics is to decrease the number of environmental violations that risks our surroundings from being damaged. Environmental laws and policies ensure that our environment is protected from any man-made hazards that attempt to destroy our physical environment. As a result, any violators are apprehended by the local and national government units with the cooperation of the law enforcement agencies. The reason behind is that violators are responsible for destroying our natural environment through pollution. Apprehensions can imprison perpetrators of environmental ethics violations because they are considered threats to the society. This is because there is a growing problem with regards to the competition between nature and a man-made settlement that are changing our physical environment that is observed on a ra pid scale. Pollution is the main cause of environmental hazards that disrespects the essence of environmental ethics. Major companies such as mining firms usually dump toxic waste to water ways and sewerage systems that contaminate rivers, streams, and oceans. Land pollution is commonly caused by humans who dump their waste anywhere, which clogs the canals. As a result, clogged canals are the most common scenario that increases risks of flooding in an area that are filled with numerous waste materials. When waste materials will flow through the rivers and reach open seas, it creates a risk to marine ecosystems, which kills fishes and other marine creatures. Vehicles that are fueled by petroleum products are one of the main causes of air pollution. Vehicles need gasoline or diesel in order to generate energy. However, the smoke emits reaches the atmosphere and saturating carbon particles that block the sun’s rays. Global warming is the result of violating environmental ethics such as pollution. This is a condition wherein it saturates carbon particles into the atmosphere. The heat cannot escape from the Earth’s atmosphere towards space because it is blocked by the carbon particles that generated a thin layer above the sky. Gradual increasing of temperature causes the sea levels to rise, causing stronger natural calamities such as intense tropical cyclones. Violating environmental ethics serves as a lesson to the population because it results in a catastrophic impact on our environment. One example is low lying islands across the world that are slowly swallowed by the rising seas. This is a consequence that is non-stoppable because the sea level continues to rise each year that threatens low lying areas around the world to sink in the future (Sutter Berlinger, 2015). Reference Sutter, John D. Berlinger, Joshua (2015).  Final draft of climate deal formally accepted in Paris.  CNN. Cable News Network, Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.

World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World War II - Essay Example The war mainly caused many economic consequences that resulted in some affected countries lagging behind in development to the extent of not regaining their economic power even many years after the war. The main origin of this war was the creation of the German-Japanese-Italian alliance in the early 1930s. The formation of this alliance was with sole intention of expanding their boundaries by conquering their weaker neighbors. The older colonial powers such as Britain, Holland, and France were not impressed by this move from their rivals. Italy and German had entered into the colonial scramble like their rivals but because they developed late, they lacked the best territories that were strategically placed. The little territories they managed to acquire did not satisfy their increasing demands to expand their boundaries due to the little economic significance that the territories possessed. Tension arouse as the Triple Alliance, Germany, Italy, Japan and Hungary wanted to expand their territories by any means possible even if it was by conquering the Triple Entente’s, Britain, France and Russia, territories. The Triple Alliance wanted to conquer these territories due economi c reasons. Most of these territories were rich in minerals such as gold, diamond, and silver. These territories also had rich and fertile lands that the Triple Alliance realized would be useful to cultivate crops that would provide raw materials for their factories (McDonough, 1997). After the First World War, there was a critical breakdown in the international payments system. The production levels in many countries fell, thus affecting the international trade. Rich minerals such as gold was only concentrated in the hands of the capitalists nations such as Britain, USA, France and their allies. Despite the fact that they possessed plenty of gold, these specific nations were also in control of major resources and raw materials all over the world. This economic factor led to a

Effects of National Culture on the Marketing Strategies Dissertation

Effects of National Culture on the Marketing Strategies - Dissertation Example The paper tells that international business theory begins with trade. Daniels and Radebaugh identified and compared ten types of trading theories. The theories are mercantilism, neomercantilism, absolute advantage, country size, comparative advantage, factor-proportions, product lifecycle, country similarity, dependence, and strategic trade policy. In the factors-proportions theory, there are four defined factors related to each home country. The factors are land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. The land is the natural resources associated with the physical boundaries of the country that are used to produce things. Countries without a strong and sufficient land base are forced to engage in international trade in order to obtain needed resources. Labor is the availability of unskilled and semiskilled workers within the country that can be mobilized for production purposes. Capital is the money, machinery, and infrastructure a country possesses. Countries abundant in these areas are considered more developed countries. Entrepreneurship is the creative management and ideas people use to solve problems and find new opportunities. The four factors explain the inherent resources a country possesses that make it attractive for trade, and therefore, international business. The theory is that "differences in a country's proportionate holdings of factors of production explain differences in the costs of the factors and that export advantages lie in the production of goods that use the most abundant factors."

Put the best subject you fell its good Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Put the best subject you fell its good - Essay Example This may involve the frequency with which earthquakes are experienced in certain regions. In addition, seismicity may refer to the type of earthquake as well as the size of the earthquake experienced in certain regions. Earthquakes are characterized by the shaking of the earth surface, leading to deaths, destruction of properties as well as changes in the physical features of the landscape. Earthquakes can manifest in several fault types. These include the reverse fault, the normal fault as well as the strike-slip faults (Sinvhal, 2010). Each type of fault is associated with a range of earthquake magnitude. Earthquakes majorly occur in volcanic regions. In such regions, tectonic faults as well as magma movements mostly cause them. It is of crucial significance to note that earthquakes are measured through the use of seismometers. These instruments are quite beneficial in measuring the intensity of the earthquake whenever they occur in any region. In addition, the seismometers are also beneficial in measuring other aspects of earthquakes relating to the magnitude of such an earthquake (Sinvhal, 2010). The earthquakes of very low magnitudes are measured using special instruments specifically adapted for such earthquakes of lower magnitudes. One of these instruments for measuring low magnitude earthquakes is called Ritcher scale, which is a part of the seismometer. It is of crucial significance to note that earthquakes occur when the rocks underground break and move under intense pressure and stress. The vibrations associated with the earthquakes makes the rocks underground to break. This leads to release of lots of energy from beneath the ground. This energy is very strong and is capable of causing massive destructions to the landscape itself, infrastructure, structures as well as property (Brumbaugh, 2010). Moreover, the energy released from the underground following the incidences of

Analysis of Tescos Online Marketing Strategy

Analysis of Tescos Online Marketing Strategy The Importance of online shopping in todays modern era is a fact that all organizations realize and amalgamate in their systems. The fast attractive, handy and approachable nature of online shopping is a revelation and must be said an incredible beginning to the innovations in the modern days. People can find what they need easily while surfing from the convenience of their homes, and they can search for varieties as well as look for desirable discounts related to different products. However, it is important to realize that there are certain cons related with the idea of internet shopping as some people still believe that internet shopping is more risky than traditional shopping due to the lack of opportunity to physically examine the product and the lack of personal contact. Goldsmith and Goldsmith (2002); Phau Poon (2000). The immensity of the potential of the Internet in business transactions is undeniable in the modern age (Cheung and Lee, 2006). However, like all other technology, the pros and cons of Internet as a business medium are also widely accepted by consumers as well as marketers, as while buyers can shop literally around the clock they may also have to deal with enormous amounts of unwanted information about products (Huang, Chung and Chen, 2003). Hence, the need to critically examine the viability of this medium is crucially important for founding basis of future business environment (Clewley, Chen and Liu, 2009). Indeed the most interesting feature of this new dimension of marketing and strategy-building is the behaviour of the consumers, which shows that online shopping the most popular purpose of Internet usage among common consumers (Forsythe and Shi, 2003). This has also increased scope of research on the subject of strategies used by firms in retaining customers through the Internet (Reibstein, 2002; Jiang and Rosenbloom, 2005), which are now much important (Ellis-Chadwick, Doherty and Anastasakis, 2007). Aim and Scope of the Research: The focus and scope of this research will revolve around Tesco which is one of the UKs retailing giants and enjoys a huge presence in the UK due to its wide scope network of retailing activities. This research aims at identifying and highlighting the marketing strategy of Tesco and the way it can cope with the industry norms and standards. The focus of the marketing strategy will be on the e marketing or digital marketing framework applicable in the industry and how Tesco can use the internet to market and sell its product along with widespread promotional campaigns and identification of the buying behaviours. It is important to realize that Tesco being a huge retail industry in the United Kingdom has a huge responsibility on its shoulder in order to cater to the needs of its customers who are the key stakeholders in Tescos marketing strategies. SMART Objectives: Specific Measurable Achievable Realistic Timed The Aim of this research shall be relevant to the SMART objectives OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH: The Primary objective is to make the consumers of the Tesco products beware of the online marketing tool. Another objective is to measure the performance of the online profiling through internet surveys and consumers analysis of the products. Make efforts to increase the internet consumption through online marketing tools and advertising through a wide range of media players. Making a timely and budgeted forecasts of the efforts needed in internet marketing and the tools that are required for the effective internet marketing. Making realistic goals related to the efficiency of the marketing strategies and their effectiveness in bringing the internet to the consumers door step. Research Questions: Following are the proposed research questions for the study: How has IT helped Tesco in strategic customer retention over the years? What are the key determinants of success for Tescos online marketing strategy? What are the fundamental elements of the e-marketing strategy of Tesco? What are the future prospects of online marketing for Tesco? Primary Research and Data Analysis: The primary research will be done through interviews and questionnaires that will focus on how the consumers think about the online shopping and what motivates and influences them to shop online from Tesco.com. The data analysis will be done in order to gain influential insights into the marketing strategies of Tesco and online marketing strategies and what should be done to impact the international arena. Realizations of the buying behaviours is always crucial when doing the primary research as we will study in this literature that buying behaviours varies with respect to the demographics as well as it influences the external environment. This is also very significant due to the marketability of the tesco products as well as knowing that some people are not particularly confident while buying online while others prefer to buy online. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW Tesco being the leading food retailers in the United Kingdom and Ireland has its branches all over the UK. The company excels in the provision of quality food items and other retail households. The companys annual online sales exceeded an overwhelming $ 5 billion where as Tesco.com is known as the worlds largest online grocer. The customer base that is attracted by Tesco is a little less than 1 million and more than 250,000 orders that are being completed each week. The company has a very effective and integrated supply chain that consists of 1900 vans that operate and approx. 300 stores and 9000 pickers. The company dominated in the offline and online grocery market and has looked for other areas that need expansion, with a market share of UK retailing being 12.5%. The main competitor of tesco in the retail industry network is Asda, Morrisons, and Sainsbury. The Asda , that is owned by the US corporation Wall Mart since the year 1999 is the only super market that has been a major co mpetitor for Tesco. Wall Mart being the biggest food chain in the world has the annual sales that is eight times that of tesco, where as the clothing firm own by ASDA known as George provides a diverse range of clothing in the UK and there are plans for the company to takeover Matalan, i.e. the giant clothing and home furnishing store. The other major competitors to Tesco are Sainsbury that used to be the UK s biggest grocer until 1995, when Tesco emerged as the leading grocer. However, despite the drastic declines in the performances of Sainsbury it is known that ASDAs share being 16.6% compared to Sainsburys 16.22% i.e. not far behind. However, there are seemingly diverse growth opportunities for Tesco in the retail industry as Tesco believes that if there is any market share left there is also a potential for growth and expansion. In order to have a detailed and proper understanding of the online marketing policy as an analyst or a practitioner it is important to have a detailed study on the choices made by the organizations and also have an understanding of their behaviours. Shapiro, J.C hoque,K Keesler, I Richardson, R (2008). There are also some challenges faced by the company in online selling i.e. how to succeed without having huge expenses. The course of this literature will focus primarily on the online marketing strategies for Tesco, but it is foremost and important to discuss the technological drivers of change in the process. This is a fact that the UK internet penetration was almost 64% and the Irelands internet penetration was almost 51% , however, these results make very clear statements for new an d emerging online shopping markets. The company also relishes creating a valuable and sustainable supply chain, however, the company didnt have to change its supply chain due to its new strategy, but there was a need for more to be done in the area of online marketing. Tesco also defined and redefined the customer needs and also expanded the range of products being offered online and fulfilment of the needs. This new strategy also helped tesco immensely in the expansion of the product line without making any drastic changes. 2.1 Digital Marketing: Tesco can use digital marketing with good effect to add value to the marketing strategies and promotional benefits. Although the company has a huge global presence but the growing age of the internet as a medium can be used much more effectively by the company. They can e-market and launch their upcoming products and sell it with a bigger and better effect. They must also look at the competitors digital marketing strategies and analyse the pros and cons of e marketing as a tool. The global companies like ASDA, Sainsbury and Morrison are competitors of Tesco and they have a global presence as they use digital marketing with huge effect. 2.2 Creative Marketing: Marketing itself is a very creative and innovative field with various applications and implications. However, creative marketing is something different and innovative than any other type of marketing. Tesco being a global brand has a big brand name as well as a brand image. To maintain this company must influence its marketing team to be creative and innovative by bringing various dimensions into the marketing strategies. Creativity will bring more enhancements and attractiveness into the diverse range of products that the company deals in. They can also bring competition in creativity by selling best ideas and rewarding those ideas accordingly. Creativity always influences the customer and selling strategies always lay a desirable impact on the sales and productivity of any firm. This literature will discuss how digital marketing and creative marketing aspects can be used by Tesco to influence the buying behaviour of their customers and target a huge audience. Online marketing is the best way to attract customers and have efficient and effective marketing strategies that will be sustainable for the companys growth in future. Its important to realize that marketing is a very tactical and at the same time somewhat technical approach to bringing customers closer to the brand and creating a brand image as well as an influence in the eyes of the key stakeholders i.e. the consumers. Hence it is critical to understand the consumer behaviour and how the customers influences are affected by the change in the companys strategy. A customers loyalty is significant to achieve milestones and targets that are influenced by goals and agendas that are critical in the longer run and demonstrates a significant thinking of the behavioural aspects of the consumers. The Importance of Brand Identity: Brand identity is one of the crucial elements in the value that a brand creates in terms of its marketability, accessibility, and competitiveness. Brand identity is a firms most valued assets that it can capitalize on to have profits for long periods as an identity is the most basic investment that a company makes to establish its brand image. A brand identity has a lot to do with the online marketing and promotional aspects of the company like the calibre and stature of Tesco. Attracting customers towards a specific brand is not the only way a company can take advantage of its brand image; it has also to focus on a strong employers brand. In totality it is important to realize that companies always capitalize on their initial marketing strategies, promotional campaigns and investments they make in their brand. Branding is a marketing strategy for creating, nurturing and even fostering the development of relevant and appropriate brand value propositions Abimbola, T Kocak, A(2007). Fig 1: Brand Image Model Consumer Behaviour: The consumer behaviour is the relation with the consumers responsiveness and their attitudes. It has to do with the consumers reaction to the different products that are being launched in the retail industry (Tesco) and the products that are more famous amongst the consumers. There is a relation to the demographics of the environment i.e. the composition of the age, sex, age groups, location and cultural diversities. Companies these days have become more and more feedback oriented. Lerman, D (2006) with the help of customer satisfaction surveys and questionnaires. Consumers perceptions may differ from loyalty because of ignorance or lack of salience of origin. Consumer behaviour is basically the identification of consumers attitude towards a specific brand and as according to MacInnis, H(2007) attitudes are important because they guide our thoughts i.e. the cognitive function, influence our feelings, i.e. the emotional intelligence and also affect our behaviour i.e. the cognitive function. Whatever the consumers of a certain product or influencing class decides which ads to read, whom to talk to, where to shop and where to eat is all based on the attitudes and their personal likings. This fact is similar in the case scenario of the all important retail industry where the trust factor is important as people most often dont trust the least known or not well known brands in the industry. Online marketing can play a very significant role regards to the key aspects concerned with consumer behaviour and consumer dynamics and it is critical to realize how the consumers think of a specific brand and its branding significance related to the industr y. Market Segmentation: Market segmentation is the defining and sub dividing a large common that into segments that are clearly identified and has similar requirements, and demand characteristics. These segmentations are made according to the diversities in the culture and the geographical norms. The four factors that has the most effects on the market are the clear identification of the segments, a measure of its effective size, accessibility through promotional efforts and appropriateness to the policies and the resources of the firm. The four basic market segmentation strategies are based on behavioural, demographic, psychographic and the geographical differences. Behavioural Intentions Behavioural intentions have a huge amount of significance regards to the behaviours of customers in terms of a brands image and its significance. Attribution theory is concerned with all the aspects of assigning casual inferences and how these particular interpretations influence behaviours. Swanson, S.R Davis, J.C(2003). The behavioural approach has a generalized focus on the market share, brand allegiance, exclusive purchase, and elasticity and/ or price until switching. Both the behavioural and the attitudinal approaches are have been given heavy criticism while the attitudinal approach has focused laid on the attitudes , the loyal and the disloyal acts , the brand preference of the consumers and the probability of purchase. White, C Yu, Y.T(2005). In the paradigm of the online marketing tools it is desirable and most significant to realize that how the behaviours and marketability aspects of the Tesco online products are grasped, evaluated and monitored by the consumers. Customer Satisfaction: Customer satisfaction holds vitality regards to the branding strategies as customers are the end users of a product. Customer satisfaction can be achieved through absolute customer focus and customer retention that can only be achieved if the needs of the customers are catered keeping in mind the productivity and brand loyalty aspects. According to Caruana, A(2002) the expectancy/ disconfirmation in the process theory provides a vast amount of satisfaction studies that rely heavily on expectations, performance ,disconfirmation and satisfaction. Fig 2: Customer Satisfaction model The above model for customer satisfaction shows the customer as the mediator between the service quality and the service loyalty aspects that are involved in a customer and their relationship with a company. Customer acts as a backbone to the branding strategies of a company as the customer are the opinion makers regards to brand significance and its vulnerability in a market.

Disillusionment in All My Sons by Arthur Miller Essay -- Arthur Miller

Disillusionment in All My Sons by Arthur Miller One of the central themes of All My Sons is the disillusionment of the young, and this theme can be traced through the character Chris, who comes to be disenchanted with his family, society and himself by realizing that none of these is as moral as he once believed. When he finally finds out through questioning his father that his father is, in fact, guilty of knowingly shipping out the cracked cylinder heads, he says to his father â€Å"What the hell are you? You’re not even an animal, no animal kills his own, what are you? What must I do to you? I ought to tear the tongue out of your mouth, what must I do?† This is the point where Chris becomes disillusioned with his family. His father is guilty of doing the crime, and his mother is guilty of hiding the information. Chris now believes that his father is worse than an animal and is disgusted that he has lived with his parents since the crime happened without being aware of it. He sees his parents now as evil people rat her than role models, and feels that if even his parents are capable of such a thing, then society as a whole must be the same or worse, because he tells his father that he once believed him to be better than most men. He says â€Å"That’s the principle; the only one we live by – it just happened to kill a few people this time, that’s all. The world’s that way, how can I take it out on him?† He now believes that everyone in society is only looking out for his or he...

Inequality: Race, Crime, and the Law Essay

Policing and punishment in America is hardly colorblind. It is not a coincidence that minorities serve longer sentences, have higher arrest and conviction rates, face higher bail amounts, and are more often the victims of police use of deadly force than white citizens. When it comes to criminals, many people have a preconception of what a criminal is. Usually when people think of a criminal they picture a Black or Latino face. The thought of an Asian criminal is often related to Asian gangs. Interestingly enough, White people as a group are rarely associated with the thought of crime, even though they account for 70% of arrests and 40% of the prison population each year (Russel xiv). This seems to be overlooked, though, when people consider their stereotypical views. Minorities have become victims of these stereotypes in the U.S. courts by judges and juries as well as in their neighborhoods by local police. When asking for fairness, the desire isn’t for more rights for the criminally accused, yet for those rights of the accused to be fairly executed, before they are found guilty or innocent. This being because the system is unfair, it seems to be two different systems: one for the privileged, and one for the less privileged. Cops use methods of investigation and interrogation against minorities and the poor that wouldn’t be accepted against more privileged citizens. Courts assign public defenders to the poor in serious criminal trials that a rich person wouldn’t hire to defend them in a traffic court. Many minorities walk into a courtroom with the feeling that they are guilty until proven innocent. The complexion of their skin is too often viewed as negative. There is no doubt what the reason for it is. The evening news often leads off with a crime story, many times showing black males being taken away in handcuffs. Black females are portrayed as grieving mothers over the death or arrest of their son or daughter. This is shown so much that it’s impossible to ignore. I’m not denying that the ones shown on the news may, in fact, be guilty, but seeing it so frequently results in Americans incorrectly believing that most black men are criminals. On top of that, they connect the image of arrested individuals on the news, and begin  to stereotype all individuals they may come across personally that may have a similar appearance. Consequently, the thought of â€Å"black crime† comes to mind. I find it interesting how I have never heard the phrase, â€Å"white crime.† This leads us to racial profiling. Stereotypical views of minorities by police officers can lead to tragic situations. Amadou Diallo was a 22-year-old West African immigrant who lived in the Bronx, New York. He studied English and Computer Science in Singapore and Thailand before coming to America. A devout Muslim, he worked twelve hours a day selling videos to earn enough money to finish his bachelor’s degree. On February 4, 1999, as he was standing in the vestibule of his own apartment, about to open the door, four undercover police in plain clothes, members of the â€Å"elite† Street Crimes unit, approached him. What happened next is unclear, but when the dust settled, the four officers had fired a total of 41 times, at an unarmed man. Somehow, 22 of the 41 shots missed their target, though the officers aimed into a space not larger than a telephone booth. Of the 19 bullets that did hit Diallo, 11 hit him in the legs, five pierced his torso, one hit the right arm, one went through his chest and one entered through his back. The cops’ defense claimed Diallo was behaving suspiciously, and had not obeyed their command to stop. When Diallo raised his wallet, each one of them, imagined that this black man was raising a gun. Because this scared them, they shot at him 41 times. One year later, on February 25, 2000, the four cops were found not guilty of murder. Diallo’s fear doesn’t matter. Who cares that the skinny black immigrant must have been terrified to see four white guys bearing down on him like thieves or murderers? Not guilty, these four police officers are entitled now to return to their jobs, strap on their guns, and hit the streets armed with the same racism, the same fear that killed Diallo. Police brutality is known to be very common in the Bronx. With situations such as this one as well as the Rodney King incident in Los Angeles, Blacks have become to fear the police. When a police car approaches them, they can’t decide whether justice will be served or if the cop’s intentions are to harm or even kill them. The integrity of a police officer  is not guaranteed to the citizen. In past cases police have been known to plant fake evidence simply to have a reason to arrest a â€Å"suspect.† As a result, African-Americans make up about 12% of the general population, but more than half of the prison population (Cole 4). With so much injustice being done to minorities in general, how can you expect minorities to respect a system that doesn’t respect them? In fact, people are so quick to believe minorities are criminals that they are used as â€Å"fake† suspects by citizens who want to hide the real criminals. â€Å"Racial Hoaxes† are defined as: â€Å"When someone fabricates a crime and blames it on another person because of his race OR when an actual crime has been committed and the perpetrator falsely blames someone because of his race.† (Russel 70) The negative image of African-Americans has become so bad that â€Å"imaginary† Black people are invented as criminals. In some cases Black individuals were even chosen out of a line up and after being identified by who would end up to be the actual committer of the crime. Usually, somebody guilty of racial hoaxing is just charged with filing a false police report. On that note, hate crimes have been on the rise this past decade. There have been many race-related assaults on minorities. The majority of people arrested for Hate Crimes are White. So why is it that we rarely hear about â€Å"White crime?† Although the term â€Å"Black Criminality† is often used you never hear the term, â€Å"White Criminality.† White crime is rarely labeled. If the media feels the necessity to label crimes then when rural crimes take place they can easily call it â€Å"White crime.† When they label crime by race it gives the wrong impression that the criminals race had something to do with the reason he or she committed the crime. What most people do not know or realize is that White offenders are the most common. The following is taken from The Color of Crime by Katheryn Russell: Whites account for approximately 80 percent of those arrested: driving under the influence (86 percent), liquor law violations (80 percent), and drunkenness (81 percent). For these offenses White arrest rates are on par  with their percentage in the population. Table 7.2 also reports that Whites have high rates of arrest for several other offenses, including arson (74 percent), burglary (67 percent), loitering (76 percent), vandalism (73 percent), and sex offenses (75 percent). SOURCE: Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics (1991-1995), Bureau of Justice Statistics Whites also have a much higher rate of white-collar crimes. Criminologists Francis Cullen and Michael Benson state: â€Å"The costs of white-collar crime?the violence it entails, the money it transfers illegally, its damage to the moral fabric?may well outstrip the costs of traditional street crimes.†(Color crime PG 116) Still there is no annual count of white-collar crimes. Some say that criminologists don’t view them as real crimes. The belief that black crime is disproportionate is true, but the belief that African-Americans are responsible for a majority of crime is false. Why is it that we hardly see crime represented in other colors? There is no term â€Å"criminalwhiteman† yet people use the term â€Å"criminalblackman?† If more White criminals were in the media’s spotlight, the public image of crime would be completely different. Still, the Black stereotype will never go away unless the media exposes the â€Å"criminalblackman† as a misrepresentation. Whites who live in mainly suburban and rural areas, actually commit at a disproportionate rate as well. Only if the public could actually see the amount of Whites committing crimes, they would learn that their racial views about crime were misplaced. The O.J. Simpson case was proof of the racial division and views about how the law handles cases. Had he been an average middle or lower class Black man who couldn’t afford a good attorney, he would have definitely been found guilty. Even with such overwhelming evidence that this injustice exists to poor minorities, you would never know it by examining the outcome of most minorities accused of a crime. When it comes to statistics, lack of information may be misleading. The media’s overemphasis on how differently Whites and Blacks viewed the criminal case also masked the fact that many African-Americans believed Simpson was guilty, and many Whites believed he was not guilty. In a poll, it was found that 30% of Blacks believed he was guilty while the number of Whites who felt he was innocent outnumbered  Blacks 3: 1. (Color crime, 31). The public as a whole has a general misconception of the relationship between crime and race. Unfortunately, this misconception is brought into courtrooms. It’s no surprise that things are the way they are given the history of this country. You can change laws but you can’t change people. As long you have the image of minorities being portrayed as criminals in the media, the problem will exist. The problem only makes itself worse as it continues. Inequality is inevitable in today’s society. This nation is too busy dealing with the problems that arise from the views of race and crime to focus enough attention on fixing them. The problem can’t be fixed until we as a people can agree on what the root of the problem is. It begins in the communities and ends in the justice system. We must look inside the system and the role it play’s in society and what outcome we want from it. We need to use equality rather than personal views when making difficult decisions in society. Works Cited Cole, David. No Equal Justice: Race and Class in the American Criminal Justice System. New York: The New Press, 1999. Kennedy, Randall. Race, Crime, and the Law New York: Pantheon, 1997 Russell, Katheryn K. The Color of Crime. 1998. 10 Apr. 2002 http://emedia.netlibrary.com/reader/reader.asp?product_id=1331

Reparations Justified essays

Reparations Justified essays Reparations Justified The question of Reparations, has been the subject of many arguments, and will continue to be. Now, throughout history, man has self-defined himself as a destroyer of lives, of cities, and to be quite frank, a destroyer of a way of life. In the wake of such destruction, there can only be a flicker of hope, through mans flipside capacity of creation, organization and his ability to manipulate technology for his benefit. Many instances of these stages have been brought to the fore-front of these debates of reparation. Of the most prominent ones, we can administer only one remedy; that is RECOMPESATION or REPARATION. Not the admittance of responsibility, or the pointing of fingers, but a rather, a general idea of sympathy, reconciliation, empathy, and regret. All in one concerted effort to assist the fallen, or the ancestors of the fallen who are yet to arise from their fallen position. Let us now justify our means of stance on reparations to anyone affected directly or indirectly by wrongful human doing. In the case of Slavery in America, the U.S. government, not long dead Southern planters, bears the blame for slavery. Its support of slavery was seen by the letter and the spirit of its law. This is evidenced in the Constitution in article one. This designated a black slave as three-fifths of a person for tax and political representation purposes. It protected and nourished it in article four by mandating that all escaped slaves found anywhere in the nation be returned to their masters if caught alive. Many major institutions profited from slavery. The California state legislature passed a bill requiring insurance companies to disclose whether they wrote policies insuring slaves. Insurance companies made profits insuring slaves ...

Constructivist theory Essay Example

Constructivist theory Essay Example Constructivist theory Essay Constructivist theory Essay Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.0 Introduction Presently, there is so much literature on constructivist instruction and scientific question that it took me a long clip to choose the suited beginnings for this survey. An online Google hunt revealed that 39 100 surveies on constructivist instruction, scientific question and primary scientific discipline have been conducted since 2000. I started naming down all the literature beginnings that were provided during the class so went on to choose other beginnings I found utile for this subject. The theoretical analysis started with the definitions of constructivist instruction and scientific question so went on to work out how the two constructs are linked. The benefits and challenges of scientific question are besides included in this chapter. 2.1 What is constructivist theory? Lorsbach A ; Tobin ( 1997 ) states that constructivist theory is an epistemology, a theory of cognition used to explicate how we know what we know. The Oxford English dictionary defines epistemology as the theory of cognition, particularly with respect to its methods, cogency, and range. Constructivist attack is evidently hard to label as different types of constructivism have emerged from larning theories for illustration cognitive, extremist and societal constructivism to call but a few. These theories have been discussed in item in subdivision 3.1 of chapter three. The object of scientific discipline is to organize our experiences and to convey them into a logical order. From a constructivist position, scholars construct their ain cognition on the footing of what they already know ( Dole and Sinatra 1998 ) . Therefore the inquiries addressed by epistemologists ; How do we come to cognize what we know? What is knowledge? What is truth? What is world? are besides of import to the scientific discipline instructors. It is truly of import to understand how the pupils construct new cognition from what they know. Tobin and Tippins ( 1993 p4 ) explained how the new cognition is constructed in scientific discipline instruction. They explain that scientific cognition continues to alter over clip because ends and jobs of society alteration taking to new experiences ; engineering provides new ways of sing ; what is known continues to increase at an exponential rate ; and the persons that comprise the scientific subject continually alteration . They farther explain that in order to hold new cognition, that cognition is accepted by the scientific community as feasible because of its coherency with other apprehensions and its tantrum with experience . 2.1.1 What is constructivist attack? There are different types of constructivism, therefore varied positions of constructivist learning methods, which could be applied to learning and larning. As such, Brown and Adams ( 2001 p7 ) defined this attack as: †¦ a position of acquisition, that sees scholars as active participants who construct their apprehensions of the universe around them. Using past experiences and cognition, scholars make sense of the new information that they are having. It is of import to observe the type of constructivist theory presented otherwise one may acquire a slightly different reading ( Ernest 1995 ) . However, the type of constructivist attack applied has to be congruous with the scientific question that takes topographic point in a peculiar scientific discipline lesson. Osborne ( 1996 p50 ) explained that cognition and apprehension of the epistemology of scientific discipline is an indispensable facet of any instruction in scientific discipline, and any attack, which neglects a consideration of it is uncomplete and epistemologically thin. 2.2 What is scientific question? The National Research Council ( 1996 ) defines enquiry as: †¦ a many-sided activity that involves: devising observations ; presenting inquiries ; analyzing books and other beginnings of information to see what is already known ; be aftering probes ; reexamining what is already known in visible radiation of experimental grounds ; utilizing tools to garner, analyze, and construe informations ; suggesting replies, accounts, and anticipations ; and pass oning the consequences. Inquiry requires designation of premises, usage of critical and logical thought, and consideration of alternate accounts. ( p 23 ) . This definition shows that scientific question is child active, developing manipulative and mental activity accomplishments endeavoring to do sense of events and phenomena in the natural and made universe around us ( Murphy and Beggs, 2001 ) . Thus scientific question helps the pupils to build new cognition from what they know. There is concern that some instructors are ill-defined of the intent of scientific question, which prevents them from learning efficaciously. Possibly an account would assist clear up the misconceptions about constructivist attack and scientific question. Constructivist learning focal points on how learning takes topographic point that guides determinations about scholars and instructor s actions while scientific question focuses on what scholars and instructors need to make to develop understanding in primary scientific discipline. Furthermore constructivism recognizes the importance of the thoughts that kids develop for themselves from their experience and interaction with others and of the usage of these thoughts in learning while question contributes to accomplishments and the aggregation and usage of grounds in proving thoughts ( Murphy, et. al 2001 ) . 2.3 What are the benefits of scientific question in primary scientific discipline? From a constructivist position, kids understand and enjoy what they are larning when they are actively involved. In constructivist instruction, cognition is non passively received, but is actively built up by the scholar. That means thoughts and ideas can non be communicated in the sense that significance is packaged into words and `sent to another who unpacks the significance from the sentences. That is, every bit much as we would wish to, we can non set thoughts in pupil s caputs, they will and must build their ain significances ( von Glasersfeld, 1996 ) . Learning is a procedure of cognition building alternatively of soaking up. Scientific question does non see primary scientific discipline as a random activity that has small significance in existent life. Learners are expected to understand the nature or intent of scientific enquiry. A constructivist position ( Richardson, 1997 ) perceives larning as an active procedure where scholars actively construct intending from their experiences in connexion with their anterior apprehensions and the societal scene. The impression that scholars ( Windschitl, 2002 ) play an active function in constructing their ain significance makes scientific enquiry effectual in primary scientific discipline. Pupils learn best when they actively construct their ain apprehension. This means that scholars must be able to suit new stuff into what they already know instead than memorize it word for word in order to larn meaningfully ( Littledyke 1998 p10 ) . The constructivist position emphasizes the procedure and non the merchandise. It is non the reply that is of import but how one a rrives at that peculiar reply. Learning is a procedure of building meaningful representations, of doing sense of one s experiential universe. Scientific enquiry-oriented instruction promotes the development of unwritten communicating accomplishments. This seems peculiarly of import when learning bilingual pupils. Scientific question plays an of import portion in the instruction of primary school scientific discipline as it provides chances for students to speak about their thoughts refering peculiar constructs or issues that are outstanding in their acquisition procedure. Vygotsky s societal constructivism promotes societal interaction and societal contexts. 2.4 What are the challenges of scientific question? In rule the suggestion that instructors should be after activities on the footing of what the scholar already knows and understands seems rather educationally sound. However the chief cause for concern ( Scott, 1987 ) is how a individual instructor elicits the single positions of 20 students in thirty-minute slots of clip scattered over a hebdomad? Even if the instructor has equal information about the scholars initial thoughts, trying to react to their single thoughts can go an tremendous undertaking in schoolroom direction. This is the major job faced by instructors who have made a committedness to a constructivist attack. They frequently feel guilty because they are unable to pull off to implement this in their pattern. The cardinal function of the instructors will be to interpret this information into effectual learning for their pupils. This function becomes critical non merely in fiting appropriate scientific discipline to the capableness of the kid, but besides in cognizing where to steer the kid following. Harlen ( 1996 ) commented that it might look excessively hard to happen out about the thoughts of all the kids in a category in such a manner as to be after activities to suit them. Osborne hypertext transfer protocol: //www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/63794/PDFSTART? CRETRY=1 A ; SRETRY=0

How Art Influence the Exhibitions Musicals Drama Museums Essay

How Art Influence the Exhibitions Musicals Drama Museums - Essay Example Art has influenced architecture, music, exhibitions, museums, drama and a variety of other aspects of life. Therefore, this discussion seeks to establish the major influences that art have had on a variety of aspects in life, with a view to creating an appreciation of the relevance of art in life. Thus, the influence of art in exhibitions, musicals, drama, and museums form the subject of this discussion. The primary function of museums has been defined as that of collecting and preserving objects (Salamensky, 2012:72). Nevertheless, the truth remains that Museums are not simply involved in the mere collection of objects, but more specifically the collection and preservation of objects that might be of a relevant value to the society in terms of historical essence to the society, which needs to be passed over from one generation to the other (Duthie, 2013:n.p.). No wonder therefore that museums have been closely associated with archiving, since almost any of the objects that are collected and preserved in the museums has a certain relevant historical value, either at the time it is collected or in the future. Museums play the role of display of the relevant objects that have been collected and preserved for posterity. The Post-humanist Desire Exhibition on display graphic design has been applied to divide the exhibition into several themed sections, such as transformed human section, cloned human section, and the transgendered human section, thus graphic design has helped to present the divergent complex characteristics of human beings in the 21st century. The application of art in the Post-humanist Desire Exhibition on display is in the form art symbolism, where the welcoming message of the museum is made of a combination of the message â€Å"Welcome† with an addition of a gorgeous peacock to symbolize beauty (Culture Taiwan, 2013:n.p.). This combination of both textual and graphic art design is artistically interpreted to mean Beauty is everywhere a welcome guest† (Culture Taiwan, 2013:n.p.).

Discuss the following statementCarbohydrates are not considered to be Essay

Discuss the following statementCarbohydrates are not considered to be an essential nutrient - Essay Example It is very easily digestible and is a much cheaper source of energy than proteins or fats. Carbohydrates are made up of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen and should constitute 40 to 50% of our daily diet. Carbohydrates chief dietary sources come from cereals, bread, potatoes, corn, pasta, fruits, peas, sugar and any kind of syrup. â€Å"Additionally, carbohydrates and their derivatives play major roles in the working process of the immune system, fertilization, pathogenesis, blood clotting, and development.† Maton, Anthea; Jean Hopkins, Charles William McLaughlin, Susan Johnson, Maryanna Quon Warner, David LaHart, Jill D. Wright (1993). The most basic units of Carbohydrates are called Monosaccharides which include glucose, fructose and galactose. These monosaccharides can be combined with each other to make polysaccharides (oligosaccharides) in many different ways. However, according to Westman in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, â€Å"Carbohydrates are not essential nutrients in humans: the body can obtain all its energy from protein and fats.† (Westman) One of the reasons for this notion is that both the brain and the neurons are not capable of burning fat and therefore rely on glucose to supply the energy. The body is quite capable of preparing glucose from some of the amino acids present in protein. Besides this, humans make use of only some of the carbohydrates for fuel or energy, whereas some types of carbohydrates could be made use of only with the help of gut bacteria. Considering the risk of heart diseases and also obesity, the Institute of Medicine recommended that American and Canadian adults get between 40-65% of dietary energy from carbohydrates.† (Food and Nutrition Board, 2002/2005) The Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization jointly recommend that national dietary guidelines set a goal of 55-75% of total energy from carbohydrates, but only 10%

There are varying views as to the role of a Human Resource Function Essay

There are varying views as to the role of a Human Resource Function and its practitioners. Explore what these roles are and analyse how they can add value and enhance organisational effectiveness - Essay Example long with internationalisation, wider adoption, as well as execution of pioneering technological advancements and prevalence of extreme business market competition among others. It is strongly believed that the different functions of HRM predominantly plays an imperative role in supporting the organisations belonging to this modern day context in the dimensions of raising greater value to the customers and improvising their operational effectiveness (Aswathappa, 2005). In this similar context, the different functions of HR are managing the activities performed by the personnel of an organisation in an effective manner, motivating people and integrating the organisational objectives with the requirements of the personnel engaged in realizing the organisational objectives (Amos & et. al., 2009). Apart from these, the other vital functions of HRM entail utilising the available resources efficiently, making decisions as per the requirement and retaining the potential people among others (Randhawa, 2007). With this concern, the essay intends to discuss about the varied theoretical models of HRM in order to determine its functions that add value and enhance organisational effectiveness by a considerable extent. The models would be then compared with others in order to acquire a brief understanding about the above stated subject matter. Critics have certainly argued that the field of HRM lacks in establishing a logical theoretical framework, which restricts in determining the actual roles played by varied HR functions towards the attainment of long-term as well as short-term objectives of an organisation. However, it is witnessed that there exists certain HRM based theoretical models that provide a better understanding about the effectiveness of diverse HR functions, which lay a significant impact on the overall performance of an organisation in a long run (Wright & McMahan, 1993). In this similar context, the different theoretical models relating to the field of HRM

My personal statement Essay Example for Free

My personal statement Essay If students want to continue their education and enter the desired college, they should go through the admission process. It includes exams and delivering common application essays. This essay type gives students the chance to show their personal traits, attitudes, interests, and individuality. Your essay is meant to impress the admissions committee. You should prove that you are the best candidate to study in their college. This is a positive advertisement about those sides of student’s life that can’t be deduced from their official documents and study ratings. Typically, students can opt from several prompts which are provided by the college. These prompts revolve around students’ experiences, beliefs, habits and dreams and not academic achievements or grades. To write a college essay that stands out, you should concentrate on prominent events in your life that influence your personality, something connected with challenging situations or personal achievements. You can write how you managed to overcome your fears and learn new experience. You can describe the most important people in your life and how they encourage your personal growth. Having read hundreds of college essays, your essay should be personal, original and creative to grab the attention of the members of the board. Your essay has to be delivered in the form of a story – this should be a real-life situation or event with a considerable impact on your personality. Choose the subject which is meaningful and interesting to you. Here is a sample of a common application essay that can be used to create your own unique story. â€Å"As long as I can remember, I have always heard that a girl should be an obedient wife, a patient mother and a perfect cook. All my girlfriends from high school like to repeat that it’s a demanding and complicate job to be a housewife. The same goes with my mother. â€Å"Rachel, one day you will grow up, meet a proper man and your destiny is to become his wife. You will live in a beautiful house with two adorable children and your only worries will be what to prepare for dinner.† My mother was raised in a very conservative atmosphere of a wealthy family where the man works and woman cleans and cooks. My grandmother taught her how to be a housewife, elegant and charming whose main aim was to please her husband and raise children. Despite being a polite girl and nodding to my mother’s thoughts, inside I was crying from weakness – these ideas were opposite to those I wanted to build my life on. I was sixteen years old when my friend Monika popped into my house one Saturday evening to have a nice chit chat between two best friends about boys, dresses and holidays. And she told one thing with which I can’t agree till now. â€Å"Every girl should be prepared to dedicate her life to her husband and his success, so I am already learning how to make pancakes and roast beef.† Well, to say that I was irritated is to say nothing – I have already heard a million variants of this idea from my own relatives. Every family dinner this topic was brought up with my grandfather or father. I was confused and disappointed. â€Å"Do you really believe that family life is the most important thing in woman’s life? What about women who want to have a proper career and try to achieve their goals and dreams,† I asked my friend. â€Å"What for?† she replied. â€Å"It’s generally considered that men are better at doing business than women plus they should provide for his family by earning enough money. They are supposed to be the head of the family while wives have to make their home comfortable for living.† At that moment I remembered my grandfather and his attitude towards women and their work. He was of an authoritative type always telling my grandmother and then his daughter how to live and what to want. He was descended from a poor family of Irish immigrants whose main goal in life was to earn money, get respect of the community and have food on their tables every day. He worked tirelessly day and night to become a decent citizen. He managed to fulfill his dreams but not without me grandmother’s help who sacrificed her dreams to be able to support him all the time. I love my grandparents very much, I do. But their way of looking at thing is completely different from mine. When I first told them that I want to become a surgeon to help people they didn’t take my words seriously. After laughing for some time, my grandfather replied, â€Å"Rachel, sweetheart, that’s a wonderful idea but don’t you want to have a lovely marriage? That should be enough for a young girl. You will have of whom to take care; you will have a couple of lively kids who will be your delight. Why do you want to spend so much time in this profession if you come back sooner or later to give birth?† I knew that their intentions are well-meaning and they worry about me – they just showed their love in such a way. But I also knew I wasn’t able to forget about my hopes and dreams and live up to their expectations. I told them I was going to university to obtain a university degree and continue my higher education. They weren’t pleased but supported. I am very grateful to them as if my grandfather was against this idea, I would never be able to save people’s lives. They were from an older generation who managed to survive very complicated periods in the history of our country. Their values were formed in the past when the world was different and women job was treated not so much with respect as it is now. So I decided to live my life and forget about artificial limitations created by society – these are the remnants of the past which should vanish soon. Women are ready to show their talent, determination, and skills alongside with men. We are not afraid of obstacles on our way and if I fail that will be not because I am a woman but because I didn’t work hard enough. So I want to give my friend Monika an answer that can be given to all of those who thinks women should be limited in their personal growth: â€Å"Maybe in the past women didn’t have chances to study, develop and create but the current situation is completely different. Gender is not an excuse and doesn’t define our lives. We have all possibilities to conduct our lives as we want, it is our choice and responsibility so why not to try?†